Tuberculosis transmission attributable to close contacts and HIV status, Malawi

Amelia C. Crampin; Judith R. Glynn; Hamidou Traore; Malcolm D. Yates; Lorren Mwaungulu; Michael Mwenebabu; Steven D. Chaguluka; Sian Floyd; Francis Drobniewski; Paul E.M. Fine

doi:10.3201/eid1205.050789

Tuberculosis transmission attributable to close contacts and HIV status, Malawi

Amelia C. Crampin, Judith R. Glynn^*, Hamidou Traore, Malcolm D. Yates, Lorren Mwaungulu, Michael Mwenebabu, Steven D. Chaguluka, Sian Floyd, Francis Drobniewski, Paul E.M. Fine

^*Corresponding author for this work

Public Health England

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

45 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We conducted the first molecular study of tuberculosis (TB) to estimate the role of household contact and transmission from HIV-positive putative source contacts (PSCs) in a high HIV-prevalence area. TB patients in a long-term population-based study in Malawi were asked about past contact with TB. DNA fingerprinting was used to define clusters of cases with identical strains. Among 143 epidemiologically defined PSC-case pairs, fingerprinting confirmed transmission for 44% of household and family contacts and 18% of other contacts. Transmission was less likely to be confirmed if the PSC were HIV positive than if he or she were HIV negative (odds ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14-0.74). Overall, epidemiologic links were found for 11% of 754 fingerprint-clustered cases. We estimate that 9%-13% of TB cases were attributable to recent transmission from identifiable close contacts and that nearly half of the TB cases arising from recent infection had acquired the infection from HIV-positive patients.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	729-735
Number of pages	7
Journal	Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume	12
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1205.050789
Publication status	Published - May 2006

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abstract = "We conducted the first molecular study of tuberculosis (TB) to estimate the role of household contact and transmission from HIV-positive putative source contacts (PSCs) in a high HIV-prevalence area. TB patients in a long-term population-based study in Malawi were asked about past contact with TB. DNA fingerprinting was used to define clusters of cases with identical strains. Among 143 epidemiologically defined PSC-case pairs, fingerprinting confirmed transmission for 44% of household and family contacts and 18% of other contacts. Transmission was less likely to be confirmed if the PSC were HIV positive than if he or she were HIV negative (odds ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14-0.74). Overall, epidemiologic links were found for 11% of 754 fingerprint-clustered cases. We estimate that 9%-13% of TB cases were attributable to recent transmission from identifiable close contacts and that nearly half of the TB cases arising from recent infection had acquired the infection from HIV-positive patients.",

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Tuberculosis transmission attributable to close contacts and HIV status, Malawi. / Crampin, Amelia C.; Glynn, Judith R.; Traore, Hamidou; Yates, Malcolm D.; Mwaungulu, Lorren; Mwenebabu, Michael; Chaguluka, Steven D.; Floyd, Sian; Drobniewski, Francis; Fine, Paul E.M.

In: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 12, No. 5, 05.2006, p. 729-735.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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AU - Mwenebabu, Michael

AU - Chaguluka, Steven D.

AU - Floyd, Sian

AU - Drobniewski, Francis

AU - Fine, Paul E.M.

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Tuberculosis transmission attributable to close contacts and HIV status, Malawi

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