Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults

Lidwien A.M. Smit; Manolis Kogevinas; Josep M. Antó; Emmanuelle Bouzigon; Juan R. González; Nicole Le Moual; Hans Kromhout; Anne Elie Carsin; Isabelle Pin; Deborah Jarvis; Roel Vermeulen; Christer Janson; Joachim Heinrich; Ivo Gut; Mark Lathrop; Miguel A. Valverde; Florence Demenais; Francine Kauffmann

doi:10.1186/1465-9921-13-26

Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults

Lidwien A.M. Smit^*, Manolis Kogevinas, Josep M. Antó, Emmanuelle Bouzigon, Juan R. González, Nicole Le Moual, Hans Kromhout, Anne Elie Carsin, Isabelle Pin, Deborah Jarvis, Roel Vermeulen, Christer Janson, Joachim Heinrich, Ivo Gut, Mark Lathrop, Miguel A. Valverde, Florence Demenais, Francine Kauffmann

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

84 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid and ankyrin cation channels are activated by various noxious chemicals and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cough. The aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRP genes and irritant exposures on cough.Methods: Nocturnal, usual, and chronic cough, smoking, and job history were obtained by questionnaire in 844 asthmatic and 2046 non-asthmatic adults from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and/or fumes were assessed by a job-exposure matrix. Fifty-eight tagging SNPs in TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 were tested under an additive model.Results: Statistically significant associations of 6 TRPV1 SNPs with cough symptoms were found in non-asthmatics after correction for multiple comparisons. Results were consistent across the eight countries examined. Haplotype-based association analysis confirmed the single SNP analyses for nocturnal cough (7-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.8 × 10 ^-6) and usual cough (9-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.5 × 10 ^-6). Cough symptoms were associated with exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke and occupational exposures (p < 0.05). Four polymorphisms in TRPV1 further increased the risk of cough symptoms from irritant exposures in asthmatics and non-asthmatics (interaction p < 0.05).Conclusions: TRPV1 SNPs were associated with cough among subjects without asthma from two independent studies in eight European countries. TRPV1 SNPs may enhance susceptibility to cough in current smokers and in subjects with a history of workplace exposures.

Original language	English
Article number	26
Journal	Respiratory Research
Volume	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-13-26
Publication status	Published - 23 Mar 2012
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The EGEA study was funded by INSERM, grants from the French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (grant AFSSET-APR-SE-2004), the French National Agency for Research (grants ANR 05-SEST-020-02/05-9-97, ANR 06-CEBS and ANR 10-PRSP) and Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD). Regarding ECRHS II, the coordination was supported by the European Commission, as part of their Quality of Life programme. The following bodies funded the local studies in ECRHS II in this article. Albacete - Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (grant code: 97/0035-01, 13 99/0034-01 and 99/ 0034-02), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad.Antwerp - FWO (Fund for Scientific Research)-Flanders Belgium (grant code: G.0402.00), University of Antwerp, Flemish Health Ministry.Barcelona - Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (grant code: 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Red Respira (RTIC 03/11 ISC IIF). Ciber of Epidemiology and Public Health has been established and founded by Instituto de Salud CarlosIII.Basel - Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Federal Office for Education & Science, Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (SUVA).Bergen - Norwegian Research Council; Norwegian Asthma & Allergy Association (NAAF); Glaxo Wellcome AS, Norway Research Fund.Bordeaux - Institut Pneumologique d’Aquitaine. Erfurt - GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code FR 1526/1-1).Galdakao -Basque Health Department.Gothenburg - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Grenoble - Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Directionde la Recherche Clinique, Ministere de l’Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, CHU de Grenoble, Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l’Isere. Hamburg - GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code MA 711/4-1). Ipswich and Norwich - Asthma UK (formerly National Asthma Campaign) (UK). Huelva - Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/003402). Montpellier - Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble, Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Solidarité, Direction Générale de la Santé, Aventis (France), Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales Languedoc-Roussillon. Oviedo - Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02). Paris - Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Générale de la Santé, UCBPharma (France), Aventis (France), Glaxo France, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble. Tartu - Estonian Science Foundation.Umea - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Uppsala - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Further, research has been funded by GABRIEL, a multidisciplinary study to identify the genetic and environmental causes of asthma in the European Community (contract n° 01896 under the Integrated Program LSH-2004-1.2.5-1 Post genomic approaches to understand the molecular bias of asthma aiming at a preventive or therapeutic control), by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)/French Ministry of foreign and European affairs Van Gogh program for French-Dutch cooperation and by CIBERESP, which has been established and founded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC III), Spain. M.A. Valverde is the recipient of an ICREA Academia award and has received support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, FEDER Funds and Plan E (grant SAF2009-09848), Generalitat de Catalunya (grant 2009SGR-1369), ISCIII-RETIC RD06/02 and Marato TV3 (080430). L.A.M. Smit was supported by a European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology-Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (EAACI-GA2LEN) exchange fellowship award.

Keywords

Asthma
Gene-environment interaction
Irritant exposure
Smoking
TRP channel

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10.1186/1465-9921-13-26

Cite this

Smit, L. A. M., Kogevinas, M., Antó, J. M., Bouzigon, E., González, J. R., Le Moual, N., Kromhout, H., Carsin, A. E., Pin, I., Jarvis, D., Vermeulen, R., Janson, C., Heinrich, J., Gut, I., Lathrop, M., Valverde, M. A., Demenais, F., & Kauffmann, F. (2012). Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults. Respiratory Research, 13, Article 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-13-26

@article{a73fdb46ec70418ca8939efc319c7dc0,

title = "Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults",

abstract = "Background: Transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid and ankyrin cation channels are activated by various noxious chemicals and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cough. The aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRP genes and irritant exposures on cough.Methods: Nocturnal, usual, and chronic cough, smoking, and job history were obtained by questionnaire in 844 asthmatic and 2046 non-asthmatic adults from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and/or fumes were assessed by a job-exposure matrix. Fifty-eight tagging SNPs in TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 were tested under an additive model.Results: Statistically significant associations of 6 TRPV1 SNPs with cough symptoms were found in non-asthmatics after correction for multiple comparisons. Results were consistent across the eight countries examined. Haplotype-based association analysis confirmed the single SNP analyses for nocturnal cough (7-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.8 × 10 -6) and usual cough (9-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.5 × 10 -6). Cough symptoms were associated with exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke and occupational exposures (p < 0.05). Four polymorphisms in TRPV1 further increased the risk of cough symptoms from irritant exposures in asthmatics and non-asthmatics (interaction p < 0.05).Conclusions: TRPV1 SNPs were associated with cough among subjects without asthma from two independent studies in eight European countries. TRPV1 SNPs may enhance susceptibility to cough in current smokers and in subjects with a history of workplace exposures.",

keywords = "Asthma, Gene-environment interaction, Irritant exposure, Smoking, TRP channel",

author = "Smit, {Lidwien A.M.} and Manolis Kogevinas and Ant{\'o}, {Josep M.} and Emmanuelle Bouzigon and Gonz{\'a}lez, {Juan R.} and {Le Moual}, Nicole and Hans Kromhout and Carsin, {Anne Elie} and Isabelle Pin and Deborah Jarvis and Roel Vermeulen and Christer Janson and Joachim Heinrich and Ivo Gut and Mark Lathrop and Valverde, {Miguel A.} and Florence Demenais and Francine Kauffmann",

note = "Funding Information: The EGEA study was funded by INSERM, grants from the French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (grant AFSSET-APR-SE-2004), the French National Agency for Research (grants ANR 05-SEST-020-02/05-9-97, ANR 06-CEBS and ANR 10-PRSP) and Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD). Regarding ECRHS II, the coordination was supported by the European Commission, as part of their Quality of Life programme. The following bodies funded the local studies in ECRHS II in this article. Albacete - Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (grant code: 97/0035-01, 13 99/0034-01 and 99/ 0034-02), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad.Antwerp - FWO (Fund for Scientific Research)-Flanders Belgium (grant code: G.0402.00), University of Antwerp, Flemish Health Ministry.Barcelona - Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (grant code: 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Red Respira (RTIC 03/11 ISC IIF). Ciber of Epidemiology and Public Health has been established and founded by Instituto de Salud CarlosIII.Basel - Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Federal Office for Education & Science, Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (SUVA).Bergen - Norwegian Research Council; Norwegian Asthma & Allergy Association (NAAF); Glaxo Wellcome AS, Norway Research Fund.Bordeaux - Institut Pneumologique d{\textquoteright}Aquitaine. Erfurt - GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code FR 1526/1-1).Galdakao -Basque Health Department.Gothenburg - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Grenoble - Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Directionde la Recherche Clinique, Ministere de l{\textquoteright}Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, CHU de Grenoble, Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l{\textquoteright}Isere. Hamburg - GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code MA 711/4-1). Ipswich and Norwich - Asthma UK (formerly National Asthma Campaign) (UK). Huelva - Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/003402). Montpellier - Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble, Minist{\`e}re de l{\textquoteright}Emploi et de la Solidarit{\'e}, Direction G{\'e}n{\'e}rale de la Sant{\'e}, Aventis (France), Direction R{\'e}gionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales Languedoc-Roussillon. Oviedo - Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02). Paris - Minist{\`e}re de l{\textquoteright}Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction G{\'e}n{\'e}rale de la Sant{\'e}, UCBPharma (France), Aventis (France), Glaxo France, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble. Tartu - Estonian Science Foundation.Umea - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Uppsala - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Further, research has been funded by GABRIEL, a multidisciplinary study to identify the genetic and environmental causes of asthma in the European Community (contract n° 01896 under the Integrated Program LSH-2004-1.2.5-1 Post genomic approaches to understand the molecular bias of asthma aiming at a preventive or therapeutic control), by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)/French Ministry of foreign and European affairs Van Gogh program for French-Dutch cooperation and by CIBERESP, which has been established and founded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC III), Spain. M.A. Valverde is the recipient of an ICREA Academia award and has received support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, FEDER Funds and Plan E (grant SAF2009-09848), Generalitat de Catalunya (grant 2009SGR-1369), ISCIII-RETIC RD06/02 and Marato TV3 (080430). L.A.M. Smit was supported by a European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology-Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (EAACI-GA2LEN) exchange fellowship award.",

year = "2012",

month = mar,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1186/1465-9921-13-26",

language = "English",

volume = "13",

journal = "Respiratory Research",

issn = "1465-9921",

publisher = "BioMed Central",

}

Smit, LAM, Kogevinas, M, Antó, JM, Bouzigon, E, González, JR, Le Moual, N, Kromhout, H, Carsin, AE, Pin, I, Jarvis, D, Vermeulen, R, Janson, C, Heinrich, J, Gut, I, Lathrop, M, Valverde, MA, Demenais, F & Kauffmann, F 2012, 'Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults', Respiratory Research, vol. 13, 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-13-26

TY - JOUR

T1 - Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults

AU - Smit, Lidwien A.M.

AU - Kogevinas, Manolis

AU - Antó, Josep M.

AU - Bouzigon, Emmanuelle

AU - González, Juan R.

AU - Le Moual, Nicole

AU - Kromhout, Hans

AU - Carsin, Anne Elie

AU - Pin, Isabelle

AU - Jarvis, Deborah

AU - Vermeulen, Roel

AU - Janson, Christer

AU - Heinrich, Joachim

AU - Gut, Ivo

AU - Lathrop, Mark

AU - Valverde, Miguel A.

AU - Demenais, Florence

AU - Kauffmann, Francine

N1 - Funding Information: The EGEA study was funded by INSERM, grants from the French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (grant AFSSET-APR-SE-2004), the French National Agency for Research (grants ANR 05-SEST-020-02/05-9-97, ANR 06-CEBS and ANR 10-PRSP) and Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD). Regarding ECRHS II, the coordination was supported by the European Commission, as part of their Quality of Life programme. The following bodies funded the local studies in ECRHS II in this article. Albacete - Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (grant code: 97/0035-01, 13 99/0034-01 and 99/ 0034-02), Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Consejeria de Sanidad.Antwerp - FWO (Fund for Scientific Research)-Flanders Belgium (grant code: G.0402.00), University of Antwerp, Flemish Health Ministry.Barcelona - Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (grant code: 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02), Red Respira (RTIC 03/11 ISC IIF). Ciber of Epidemiology and Public Health has been established and founded by Instituto de Salud CarlosIII.Basel - Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Federal Office for Education & Science, Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (SUVA).Bergen - Norwegian Research Council; Norwegian Asthma & Allergy Association (NAAF); Glaxo Wellcome AS, Norway Research Fund.Bordeaux - Institut Pneumologique d’Aquitaine. Erfurt - GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code FR 1526/1-1).Galdakao -Basque Health Department.Gothenburg - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Grenoble - Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Directionde la Recherche Clinique, Ministere de l’Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Generale de la Sante, CHU de Grenoble, Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l’Isere. Hamburg - GSF-National Research Centre for Environment & Health, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant code MA 711/4-1). Ipswich and Norwich - Asthma UK (formerly National Asthma Campaign) (UK). Huelva - Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/003402). Montpellier - Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble, Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Solidarité, Direction Générale de la Santé, Aventis (France), Direction Régionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales Languedoc-Roussillon. Oviedo - Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias (FIS) (grant code: 97/0035-01, 99/0034-01 and 99/0034-02). Paris - Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Solidarite, Direction Générale de la Santé, UCBPharma (France), Aventis (France), Glaxo France, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-DRC de Grenoble 2000 no. 2610, Ministry of Health, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Grenoble. Tartu - Estonian Science Foundation.Umea - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Uppsala - Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences & Allergy Research, Swedish Asthma & Allergy Foundation, Swedish Cancer & Allergy Foundation. Further, research has been funded by GABRIEL, a multidisciplinary study to identify the genetic and environmental causes of asthma in the European Community (contract n° 01896 under the Integrated Program LSH-2004-1.2.5-1 Post genomic approaches to understand the molecular bias of asthma aiming at a preventive or therapeutic control), by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)/French Ministry of foreign and European affairs Van Gogh program for French-Dutch cooperation and by CIBERESP, which has been established and founded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC III), Spain. M.A. Valverde is the recipient of an ICREA Academia award and has received support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, FEDER Funds and Plan E (grant SAF2009-09848), Generalitat de Catalunya (grant 2009SGR-1369), ISCIII-RETIC RD06/02 and Marato TV3 (080430). L.A.M. Smit was supported by a European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology-Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (EAACI-GA2LEN) exchange fellowship award.

PY - 2012/3/23

Y1 - 2012/3/23

N2 - Background: Transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid and ankyrin cation channels are activated by various noxious chemicals and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cough. The aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRP genes and irritant exposures on cough.Methods: Nocturnal, usual, and chronic cough, smoking, and job history were obtained by questionnaire in 844 asthmatic and 2046 non-asthmatic adults from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and/or fumes were assessed by a job-exposure matrix. Fifty-eight tagging SNPs in TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 were tested under an additive model.Results: Statistically significant associations of 6 TRPV1 SNPs with cough symptoms were found in non-asthmatics after correction for multiple comparisons. Results were consistent across the eight countries examined. Haplotype-based association analysis confirmed the single SNP analyses for nocturnal cough (7-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.8 × 10 -6) and usual cough (9-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.5 × 10 -6). Cough symptoms were associated with exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke and occupational exposures (p < 0.05). Four polymorphisms in TRPV1 further increased the risk of cough symptoms from irritant exposures in asthmatics and non-asthmatics (interaction p < 0.05).Conclusions: TRPV1 SNPs were associated with cough among subjects without asthma from two independent studies in eight European countries. TRPV1 SNPs may enhance susceptibility to cough in current smokers and in subjects with a history of workplace exposures.

AB - Background: Transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid and ankyrin cation channels are activated by various noxious chemicals and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cough. The aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRP genes and irritant exposures on cough.Methods: Nocturnal, usual, and chronic cough, smoking, and job history were obtained by questionnaire in 844 asthmatic and 2046 non-asthmatic adults from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and/or fumes were assessed by a job-exposure matrix. Fifty-eight tagging SNPs in TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 were tested under an additive model.Results: Statistically significant associations of 6 TRPV1 SNPs with cough symptoms were found in non-asthmatics after correction for multiple comparisons. Results were consistent across the eight countries examined. Haplotype-based association analysis confirmed the single SNP analyses for nocturnal cough (7-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.8 × 10 -6) and usual cough (9-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.5 × 10 -6). Cough symptoms were associated with exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke and occupational exposures (p < 0.05). Four polymorphisms in TRPV1 further increased the risk of cough symptoms from irritant exposures in asthmatics and non-asthmatics (interaction p < 0.05).Conclusions: TRPV1 SNPs were associated with cough among subjects without asthma from two independent studies in eight European countries. TRPV1 SNPs may enhance susceptibility to cough in current smokers and in subjects with a history of workplace exposures.

KW - Asthma

KW - Gene-environment interaction

KW - Irritant exposure

KW - Smoking

KW - TRP channel

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84858740927&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1186/1465-9921-13-26

DO - 10.1186/1465-9921-13-26

M3 - Article

C2 - 22443337

AN - SCOPUS:84858740927

SN - 1465-9921

VL - 13

JO - Respiratory Research

JF - Respiratory Research

M1 - 26

ER -

Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults

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