Abstract
Because cefixime and ceftriaxone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and gonorrhoea treatment failures were increasing, a response plan to control and manage multidrug-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (MDR-NG) in Europe was published in 2012. The three main areas of the plan were to: (i) strengthen surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), (ii) implement monitoring of treatment failures and (iii) establish a communication strategy to increase awareness and disseminate AMR results. Since 2012, several additional extensively drug-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (XDR-NG) strains have emerged, and strains with high-level ceftriaxone resistance spread internationally. This prompted an evaluation and review of the 2012 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) response plan, revealing an overall improvement in many aspects of monitoring AMR in N. gonorrhoeae; however, treatment failure monitoring was a weakness. Accordingly, the plan was updated in 2019 to further support European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries in controlling and managing the threat of MDR/XDR-NG in Europe through further strengthening of AMR surveillance and clinical management including treatment failure monitoring. The plan will be assessed biennially to ensure its effectiveness and its value. Along with prevention, diagnostic, treatment and epidemiological surveillance strategies, AMR surveillance is essential for effective control of gonorrhoea.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 2100611 |
Journal | Eurosurveillance |
Volume | 27 |
Issue number | 18 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 5 May 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We are very grateful to all the Euro-GASP collaborators for their ongoing participation. We would particularly like to acknowledge the following collaborators for providing the indicator data: Tatjana Nemeth Blažić, Blaženka Hunjak (Croatia), Steen Hoffmann, Susan Cowan (Denmark), Jevgenia Epštein, Jelena Viktorova (Estonia), Panagiota Maikanti-Charalampous (Cyprus), Jari Jalava (Finland), Inga Velicko, Magnus Unemo (Sweden), Klaus Jansen (Germany), Irena Klavs, Samo Jeverica (Slovenia), Irith de Baetselier (Belgium), Eszter Balla (Hungary), Guðrún Sigmundsdóttir, Guðrún Svanborg Hauksdóttir, Lena Ros Asmundsdottir (Iceland), Violeta Mavcutko (Latvia), Monique Perrin (Luxembourg), Jackie Melillo (Malta), Alexander Indra, Sonja Pleininger, Steliana Huhlescu (Austria), Birgit van Benthem (The Netherlands), Hilde Kløvstad (Norway), Maria José Borrego (Portugal), Marina Jamnicki (Liechtenstein), Peter Pavlik, Peter Truska (Slovakia), Denisa Janta (Romania), Kate Templeton, Helen Fifer, Gwenda Hughes, Michelle Cole (UK). Many thanks to Benjamin Bluemel, Marieke van der Werf and Karl Ekdahl at ECDC for their expert review of the manuscript. The work was funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (Framework Contract No. ECDC/2013/015).
Funding Information:
The work was funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (Framework Contract No. ECDC/2013/015).
Publisher Copyright:
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