TY - JOUR
T1 - Responding to biological incidents - What are the current issues in remediation of the contaminated environment?
AU - Pottage, T.
AU - Goode, E.
AU - Wyke, S.
AU - Bennett, Allan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014.
PY - 2014/11/1
Y1 - 2014/11/1
N2 - Since 2000 there have been a number of biological incidents resulting in environmental contamination with Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. These incidents include the US anthrax attacks in 2001, the US and UK drumming incidents in 2006-2008 and more recently, anthrax contamination of heroin in 2009/2010 and 2012/2013. Remediation techniques used to return environments to normal have varied between incidents, with different decontamination technologies being employed. Many factors need to be considered before a remediation strategy or recovery option can be implemented, including; cost, time (length of application), public perception of risk, and sampling strategies (and results) to name a few. These incidents have demonstrated that consolidated guidance for remediating biologically contaminated environments in the aftermath of a biological incident was required. The UK Recovery Handbook for Biological Incidents (UKRHBI) is a project led by Public Health England (PHE), formerly the Health Protection Agency (HPA) to provide guidance and advice on how to remediate the environment following a biological incident or outbreak of infection, and is expected to be published in 2015.
AB - Since 2000 there have been a number of biological incidents resulting in environmental contamination with Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. These incidents include the US anthrax attacks in 2001, the US and UK drumming incidents in 2006-2008 and more recently, anthrax contamination of heroin in 2009/2010 and 2012/2013. Remediation techniques used to return environments to normal have varied between incidents, with different decontamination technologies being employed. Many factors need to be considered before a remediation strategy or recovery option can be implemented, including; cost, time (length of application), public perception of risk, and sampling strategies (and results) to name a few. These incidents have demonstrated that consolidated guidance for remediating biologically contaminated environments in the aftermath of a biological incident was required. The UK Recovery Handbook for Biological Incidents (UKRHBI) is a project led by Public Health England (PHE), formerly the Health Protection Agency (HPA) to provide guidance and advice on how to remediate the environment following a biological incident or outbreak of infection, and is expected to be published in 2015.
KW - Anthrax
KW - Bacillus anthracis
KW - Bioterrorism
KW - Decontamination
KW - Remediation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84907660257&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.018
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 24530001
AN - SCOPUS:84907660257
SN - 0160-4120
VL - 72
SP - 133
EP - 139
JO - Environment International
JF - Environment International
ER -