Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study

Melina Arnold; Mark J. Rutherford; Aude Bardot; Jacques Ferlay; Therese M.L. Andersson; Tor Åge Myklebust; Hanna Tervonen; Vicky Thursfield; David Ransom; Lorraine Shack; Ryan R. Woods; Donna Turner; Suzanne Leonfellner; Susan Ryan; Nathalie Saint-Jacques; Prithwish De; Carol McClure; Agnihotram V. Ramanakumar; Heather Stuart-Panko; Gerda Engholm; Paul M. Walsh; Christopher Jackson; Sally Vernon; Eileen Morgan; Anna Gavin; David S. Morrison; Dyfed W. Huws; Geoff Porter; John Butler; Heather Bryant; David C. Currow; Sara Hiom; D. Max Parkin; Peter Sasieni; Paul C. Lambert; Bjørn Møller; Isabelle Soerjomataram; Freddie Bray

doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5

Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study

Melina Arnold^*, Mark J. Rutherford, Aude Bardot, Jacques Ferlay, Therese M.L. Andersson, Tor Åge Myklebust, Hanna Tervonen, Vicky Thursfield, David Ransom, Lorraine Shack, Ryan R. Woods, Donna Turner, Suzanne Leonfellner, Susan Ryan, Nathalie Saint-Jacques, Prithwish De, Carol McClure, Agnihotram V. Ramanakumar, Heather Stuart-Panko, Gerda EngholmPaul M. Walsh, Christopher Jackson, Sally Vernon, Eileen Morgan, Anna Gavin, David S. Morrison, Dyfed W. Huws, Geoff Porter, John Butler, Heather Bryant, David C. Currow, Sara Hiom, D. Max Parkin, Peter Sasieni, Paul C. Lambert, Bjørn Møller, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Freddie Bray

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

516 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Population-based cancer survival estimates provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of cancer services and can reflect the prospects of cure. As part of the second phase of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), the Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) project aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cancer survival across seven high-income countries and a comparative assessment of corresponding incidence and mortality trends. Methods: In this longitudinal, population-based study, we collected patient-level data on 3·9 million patients with cancer from population-based cancer registries in 21 jurisdictions in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK) for seven sites of cancer (oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, and ovary) diagnosed between 1995 and 2014, and followed up until Dec 31, 2015. We calculated age-standardised net survival at 1 year and 5 years after diagnosis by site, age group, and period of diagnosis. We mapped changes in incidence and mortality to changes in survival to assess progress in cancer control. Findings: In 19 eligible jurisdictions, 3 764 543 cases of cancer were eligible for inclusion in the study. In the 19 included jurisdictions, over 1995–2014, 1-year and 5-year net survival increased in each country across almost all cancer types, with, for example, 5-year rectal cancer survival increasing more than 13 percentage points in Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. For 2010–14, survival was generally higher in Australia, Canada, and Norway than in New Zealand, Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. Over the study period, larger survival improvements were observed for patients younger than 75 years at diagnosis than those aged 75 years and older, and notably for cancers with a poor prognosis (ie, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, and lung). Progress in cancer control (ie, increased survival, decreased mortality and incidence) over the study period was evident for stomach, colon, lung (in males), and ovarian cancer. Interpretation: The joint evaluation of trends in incidence, mortality, and survival indicated progress in four of the seven studied cancers. Cancer survival continues to increase across high-income countries; however, international disparities persist. While truly valid comparisons require differences in registration practice, classification, and coding to be minimal, stage of disease at diagnosis, timely access to effective treatment, and the extent of comorbidity are likely the main determinants of patient outcomes. Future studies are needed to assess the impact of these factors to further our understanding of international disparities in cancer survival. Funding: Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1493-1505
Number of pages	13
Journal	The Lancet Oncology
Volume	20
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5
Publication status	Published - Nov 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was funded by Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network. The findings and interpretations in this Article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agency or funder. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. We thank Lucie Hooper, Samantha Harrison, Charles Norell, Shanta Keshwala, Charlotte Lynch, Deborah Robinson, and Irene Reguilon of Cancer Research UK for managing the programme. We also thank the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) Local Leads for their advice to understand the data, for the study protocol, and interpretation of the results; the ICBP Clinical Committees for their advice; and the ICBP SURVMARK-2 Academic Reference Group for providing independent peer review and advice for the study protocol and analysis plan development. A full list of all investigators can be found in the appendix (pp 3–10) .

Funding Information:
This study was funded by Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network. The findings and interpretations in this Article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agency or funder. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. We thank Lucie Hooper, Samantha Harrison, Charles Norell, Shanta Keshwala, Charlotte Lynch, Deborah Robinson, and Irene Reguilon of Cancer Research UK for managing the programme. We also thank the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) Local Leads for their advice to understand the data, for the study protocol, and interpretation of the results; the ICBP Clinical Committees for their advice; and the ICBP SURVMARK-2 Academic Reference Group for providing independent peer review and advice for the study protocol and analysis plan development. A full list of all investigators can be found in the appendix (pp 3?10).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 World Health Organization

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5

Cite this

Arnold, M., Rutherford, M. J., Bardot, A., Ferlay, J., Andersson, T. M. L., Myklebust, T. Å., Tervonen, H., Thursfield, V., Ransom, D., Shack, L., Woods, R. R., Turner, D., Leonfellner, S., Ryan, S., Saint-Jacques, N., De, P., McClure, C., Ramanakumar, A. V., Stuart-Panko, H., ... Bray, F. (2019). Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study. The Lancet Oncology, 20(11), 1493-1505. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5

@article{e810433a613b4e3d88c5f856fef5315a,

title = "Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study",

abstract = "Background: Population-based cancer survival estimates provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of cancer services and can reflect the prospects of cure. As part of the second phase of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), the Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) project aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cancer survival across seven high-income countries and a comparative assessment of corresponding incidence and mortality trends. Methods: In this longitudinal, population-based study, we collected patient-level data on 3·9 million patients with cancer from population-based cancer registries in 21 jurisdictions in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK) for seven sites of cancer (oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, and ovary) diagnosed between 1995 and 2014, and followed up until Dec 31, 2015. We calculated age-standardised net survival at 1 year and 5 years after diagnosis by site, age group, and period of diagnosis. We mapped changes in incidence and mortality to changes in survival to assess progress in cancer control. Findings: In 19 eligible jurisdictions, 3 764 543 cases of cancer were eligible for inclusion in the study. In the 19 included jurisdictions, over 1995–2014, 1-year and 5-year net survival increased in each country across almost all cancer types, with, for example, 5-year rectal cancer survival increasing more than 13 percentage points in Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. For 2010–14, survival was generally higher in Australia, Canada, and Norway than in New Zealand, Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. Over the study period, larger survival improvements were observed for patients younger than 75 years at diagnosis than those aged 75 years and older, and notably for cancers with a poor prognosis (ie, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, and lung). Progress in cancer control (ie, increased survival, decreased mortality and incidence) over the study period was evident for stomach, colon, lung (in males), and ovarian cancer. Interpretation: The joint evaluation of trends in incidence, mortality, and survival indicated progress in four of the seven studied cancers. Cancer survival continues to increase across high-income countries; however, international disparities persist. While truly valid comparisons require differences in registration practice, classification, and coding to be minimal, stage of disease at diagnosis, timely access to effective treatment, and the extent of comorbidity are likely the main determinants of patient outcomes. Future studies are needed to assess the impact of these factors to further our understanding of international disparities in cancer survival. Funding: Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network.",

author = "Melina Arnold and Rutherford, {Mark J.} and Aude Bardot and Jacques Ferlay and Andersson, {Therese M.L.} and Myklebust, {Tor {\AA}ge} and Hanna Tervonen and Vicky Thursfield and David Ransom and Lorraine Shack and Woods, {Ryan R.} and Donna Turner and Suzanne Leonfellner and Susan Ryan and Nathalie Saint-Jacques and Prithwish De and Carol McClure and Ramanakumar, {Agnihotram V.} and Heather Stuart-Panko and Gerda Engholm and Walsh, {Paul M.} and Christopher Jackson and Sally Vernon and Eileen Morgan and Anna Gavin and Morrison, {David S.} and Huws, {Dyfed W.} and Geoff Porter and John Butler and Heather Bryant and Currow, {David C.} and Sara Hiom and Parkin, {D. Max} and Peter Sasieni and Lambert, {Paul C.} and Bj{\o}rn M{\o}ller and Isabelle Soerjomataram and Freddie Bray",

note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network. The findings and interpretations in this Article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agency or funder. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. We thank Lucie Hooper, Samantha Harrison, Charles Norell, Shanta Keshwala, Charlotte Lynch, Deborah Robinson, and Irene Reguilon of Cancer Research UK for managing the programme. We also thank the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) Local Leads for their advice to understand the data, for the study protocol, and interpretation of the results; the ICBP Clinical Committees for their advice; and the ICBP SURVMARK-2 Academic Reference Group for providing independent peer review and advice for the study protocol and analysis plan development. A full list of all investigators can be found in the appendix (pp 3–10) . Funding Information: This study was funded by Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network. The findings and interpretations in this Article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agency or funder. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. We thank Lucie Hooper, Samantha Harrison, Charles Norell, Shanta Keshwala, Charlotte Lynch, Deborah Robinson, and Irene Reguilon of Cancer Research UK for managing the programme. We also thank the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) Local Leads for their advice to understand the data, for the study protocol, and interpretation of the results; the ICBP Clinical Committees for their advice; and the ICBP SURVMARK-2 Academic Reference Group for providing independent peer review and advice for the study protocol and analysis plan development. A full list of all investigators can be found in the appendix (pp 3?10). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 World Health Organization",

year = "2019",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

pages = "1493--1505",

journal = "The Lancet Oncology",

issn = "1470-2045",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "11",

}

Arnold, M, Rutherford, MJ, Bardot, A, Ferlay, J, Andersson, TML, Myklebust, TÅ, Tervonen, H, Thursfield, V, Ransom, D, Shack, L, Woods, RR, Turner, D, Leonfellner, S, Ryan, S, Saint-Jacques, N, De, P, McClure, C, Ramanakumar, AV, Stuart-Panko, H, Engholm, G, Walsh, PM, Jackson, C, Vernon, S, Morgan, E, Gavin, A, Morrison, DS, Huws, DW, Porter, G, Butler, J, Bryant, H, Currow, DC, Hiom, S, Parkin, DM, Sasieni, P, Lambert, PC, Møller, B, Soerjomataram, I & Bray, F 2019, 'Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study', The Lancet Oncology, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1493-1505. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5

TY - JOUR

T1 - Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2)

T2 - a population-based study

AU - Arnold, Melina

AU - Rutherford, Mark J.

AU - Bardot, Aude

AU - Ferlay, Jacques

AU - Andersson, Therese M.L.

AU - Myklebust, Tor Åge

AU - Tervonen, Hanna

AU - Thursfield, Vicky

AU - Ransom, David

AU - Shack, Lorraine

AU - Woods, Ryan R.

AU - Turner, Donna

AU - Leonfellner, Suzanne

AU - Ryan, Susan

AU - Saint-Jacques, Nathalie

AU - De, Prithwish

AU - McClure, Carol

AU - Ramanakumar, Agnihotram V.

AU - Stuart-Panko, Heather

AU - Engholm, Gerda

AU - Walsh, Paul M.

AU - Jackson, Christopher

AU - Vernon, Sally

AU - Morgan, Eileen

AU - Gavin, Anna

AU - Morrison, David S.

AU - Huws, Dyfed W.

AU - Porter, Geoff

AU - Butler, John

AU - Bryant, Heather

AU - Currow, David C.

AU - Hiom, Sara

AU - Parkin, D. Max

AU - Sasieni, Peter

AU - Lambert, Paul C.

AU - Møller, Bjørn

AU - Soerjomataram, Isabelle

AU - Bray, Freddie

N1 - Funding Information: This study was funded by Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network. The findings and interpretations in this Article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agency or funder. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. We thank Lucie Hooper, Samantha Harrison, Charles Norell, Shanta Keshwala, Charlotte Lynch, Deborah Robinson, and Irene Reguilon of Cancer Research UK for managing the programme. We also thank the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) Local Leads for their advice to understand the data, for the study protocol, and interpretation of the results; the ICBP Clinical Committees for their advice; and the ICBP SURVMARK-2 Academic Reference Group for providing independent peer review and advice for the study protocol and analysis plan development. A full list of all investigators can be found in the appendix (pp 3–10) . Funding Information: This study was funded by Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network. The findings and interpretations in this Article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agency or funder. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. We thank Lucie Hooper, Samantha Harrison, Charles Norell, Shanta Keshwala, Charlotte Lynch, Deborah Robinson, and Irene Reguilon of Cancer Research UK for managing the programme. We also thank the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) Local Leads for their advice to understand the data, for the study protocol, and interpretation of the results; the ICBP Clinical Committees for their advice; and the ICBP SURVMARK-2 Academic Reference Group for providing independent peer review and advice for the study protocol and analysis plan development. A full list of all investigators can be found in the appendix (pp 3?10). Publisher Copyright: © 2019 World Health Organization

PY - 2019/11

Y1 - 2019/11

N2 - Background: Population-based cancer survival estimates provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of cancer services and can reflect the prospects of cure. As part of the second phase of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), the Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) project aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cancer survival across seven high-income countries and a comparative assessment of corresponding incidence and mortality trends. Methods: In this longitudinal, population-based study, we collected patient-level data on 3·9 million patients with cancer from population-based cancer registries in 21 jurisdictions in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK) for seven sites of cancer (oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, and ovary) diagnosed between 1995 and 2014, and followed up until Dec 31, 2015. We calculated age-standardised net survival at 1 year and 5 years after diagnosis by site, age group, and period of diagnosis. We mapped changes in incidence and mortality to changes in survival to assess progress in cancer control. Findings: In 19 eligible jurisdictions, 3 764 543 cases of cancer were eligible for inclusion in the study. In the 19 included jurisdictions, over 1995–2014, 1-year and 5-year net survival increased in each country across almost all cancer types, with, for example, 5-year rectal cancer survival increasing more than 13 percentage points in Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. For 2010–14, survival was generally higher in Australia, Canada, and Norway than in New Zealand, Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. Over the study period, larger survival improvements were observed for patients younger than 75 years at diagnosis than those aged 75 years and older, and notably for cancers with a poor prognosis (ie, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, and lung). Progress in cancer control (ie, increased survival, decreased mortality and incidence) over the study period was evident for stomach, colon, lung (in males), and ovarian cancer. Interpretation: The joint evaluation of trends in incidence, mortality, and survival indicated progress in four of the seven studied cancers. Cancer survival continues to increase across high-income countries; however, international disparities persist. While truly valid comparisons require differences in registration practice, classification, and coding to be minimal, stage of disease at diagnosis, timely access to effective treatment, and the extent of comorbidity are likely the main determinants of patient outcomes. Future studies are needed to assess the impact of these factors to further our understanding of international disparities in cancer survival. Funding: Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network.

AB - Background: Population-based cancer survival estimates provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of cancer services and can reflect the prospects of cure. As part of the second phase of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), the Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) project aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cancer survival across seven high-income countries and a comparative assessment of corresponding incidence and mortality trends. Methods: In this longitudinal, population-based study, we collected patient-level data on 3·9 million patients with cancer from population-based cancer registries in 21 jurisdictions in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK) for seven sites of cancer (oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, and ovary) diagnosed between 1995 and 2014, and followed up until Dec 31, 2015. We calculated age-standardised net survival at 1 year and 5 years after diagnosis by site, age group, and period of diagnosis. We mapped changes in incidence and mortality to changes in survival to assess progress in cancer control. Findings: In 19 eligible jurisdictions, 3 764 543 cases of cancer were eligible for inclusion in the study. In the 19 included jurisdictions, over 1995–2014, 1-year and 5-year net survival increased in each country across almost all cancer types, with, for example, 5-year rectal cancer survival increasing more than 13 percentage points in Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. For 2010–14, survival was generally higher in Australia, Canada, and Norway than in New Zealand, Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. Over the study period, larger survival improvements were observed for patients younger than 75 years at diagnosis than those aged 75 years and older, and notably for cancers with a poor prognosis (ie, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, and lung). Progress in cancer control (ie, increased survival, decreased mortality and incidence) over the study period was evident for stomach, colon, lung (in males), and ovarian cancer. Interpretation: The joint evaluation of trends in incidence, mortality, and survival indicated progress in four of the seven studied cancers. Cancer survival continues to increase across high-income countries; however, international disparities persist. While truly valid comparisons require differences in registration practice, classification, and coding to be minimal, stage of disease at diagnosis, timely access to effective treatment, and the extent of comorbidity are likely the main determinants of patient outcomes. Future studies are needed to assess the impact of these factors to further our understanding of international disparities in cancer survival. Funding: Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; Cancer Council Victoria; Cancer Institute New South Wales; Cancer Research UK; Danish Cancer Society; National Cancer Registry Ireland; The Cancer Society of New Zealand; National Health Service England; Norwegian Cancer Society; Public Health Agency Northern Ireland, on behalf of the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry; The Scottish Government; Western Australia Department of Health; and Wales Cancer Network.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074169840&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5

DO - 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30456-5

M3 - Article

C2 - 31521509

AN - SCOPUS:85074169840

SN - 1470-2045

VL - 20

SP - 1493

EP - 1505

JO - The Lancet Oncology

JF - The Lancet Oncology

IS - 11

ER -

Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this