Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a method for investigating the stability of the human NoV capsid in response to disinfectants and sanitisers (virucides) as an indirect method for determining virus infectivity. Capsid destruction or " virolysis" was measured using the reverse transcribed quantitative PCR (RT-QPCR) reaction in conjunction with RNase treatment (in order to destroy any exposed RNA). Two commercially available alcohol based handwashes, alcohols (75% (v/v) ethanol or isopropanol), quaternary ammonium compounds (0.14% BAC or 0.07% DIDAC), and chlorine dioxide (200. ppm) were all ineffective at promoting virolysis of human norovirus present in dilute clinical samples at the concentrations tested. GII.4 NoVs were sensitive to a combination of heat and alkali. These data show that NoVs present in dilute stool samples are resistant to virolysis using virucides that are used commonly.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 7-11 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Journal of Virological Methods |
| Volume | 174 |
| Issue number | 1-2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jun 2011 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported under the Food LINK programme by the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and by industrial support from Unilever plc , Waitrose plc , Carnival Cruises plc , Atlas Genetics Ltd. , McDonalds Europe Ltd. , Scottish Shellfish Marketing Group Ltd. , Premier Foods Ltd. , Evans Vanodine plc and the Leatherhead Food Safety Research Forum . This paper also includes independent research commissioned by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Invention for Innovation (i4i) Programme (II-FS-0908-10036). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of Defra, the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.
Keywords
- Calicivirus
- Inactivation
- NoVs
- Norovirus
- RNase
- RT-QPCR
- Virolysis
- Virucide
- Virus infectivity