Hazard assessment of air pollutants: The transforming ability of complex pollutant mixtures in the bhas 42 cell model

Stefania Serra; Monica Vaccari; Maria Grazia Mascolo; Francesca Rotondo; Cristina Zanzi; Laura Polacchini; Christine Behle Wagner; Thorsten Kunkelmann; Sabine Perschbacher; Albrecht Poth; Sandro Grilli; Miriam N. Jacobs; Annamaria Colacci

doi:10.14573/altex.1812173

Hazard assessment of air pollutants: The transforming ability of complex pollutant mixtures in the bhas 42 cell model

Stefania Serra, Monica Vaccari, Maria Grazia Mascolo, Francesca Rotondo, Cristina Zanzi, Laura Polacchini, Christine Behle Wagner, Thorsten Kunkelmann, Sabine Perschbacher, Albrecht Poth, Sandro Grilli, Miriam N. Jacobs, Annamaria Colacci^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

HP: Toxicology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The use of in vitro alternative methods is a promising approach to characterize the hazardous properties of environmental chemical mixtures, including urban airborne particulate matter (PM). The aim of this study was to examine seasonal differences in the toxic and transforming potential of PM samples by using the in vitro cell transformation assay in Bhas 42 cells for the prediction of potential carcinogenic effects. Bhas 42 cells are already initiated, and the v-Ha-ras transfection, together with genetic modification following the immortalization process, makes them a valuable model to study the late steps of cellular transformation leading to the acquisition of the malignant phenotype. Exposure to organic extracts of PM₁ and PM_2.5 induced dose-related effects. The transforming and cytotoxic properties were related to the amount of PM collected during the sampling campaign and associated with the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the samples. All the samples induced cell transformation following prolonged exposure over 2 weeks. Our results support the utility of the in vitro top-down approach to characterize the toxicity of real mixtures, thereby supporting regulators in the decision-making process. The results also identify the need for appropriate assay selection within the in vitro testing strategy to address the complexity of adverse outcomes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	623-633
Number of pages	11
Journal	Altex
Volume	36
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.14573/altex.1812173
Publication status	Published - Oct 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work has been entirely supported by Regione Emilia Romagna - Supersite Project (Act 428/08.02.2010). We would like to thank the Environmental Mutagenesis Thematic Laboratory - Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy Emilia Romagna (Arpae) for the preparation of the PM extracts and the Polo Analitico Regionale Microinquinanti Organici - Arpae for performing the chemical characterization of the PM extracts. We also thank Wolfgang Voelkner for providing the facilities and the equipment for the Bhas 42 experimental work as well as scientific guidance and helpful discussions.

Funding Information:
This work has been entirely supported by Regione Emilia Ro-magna – Supersite Project (Act 428/08.02.2010). We would like to thank the Environmental Mutagenesis Thematic Laboratory – Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy Emilia Romagna (Arpae) for the preparation of the PM extracts and the Polo Analitico Regionale Microinquinanti Organici – Arpae for performing the chemical characterization of the PM extracts. We also thank Wolfgang Voelkner for providing the facilities and the equipment for the Bhas 42 experimental work as well as scientific guidance and helpful discussions.

Publisher Copyright:
© The Authors, 2019.

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10.14573/altex.1812173

Cite this

@article{43f51fd593da4aa4aae609077716e170,

title = "Hazard assessment of air pollutants: The transforming ability of complex pollutant mixtures in the bhas 42 cell model",

abstract = "The use of in vitro alternative methods is a promising approach to characterize the hazardous properties of environmental chemical mixtures, including urban airborne particulate matter (PM). The aim of this study was to examine seasonal differences in the toxic and transforming potential of PM samples by using the in vitro cell transformation assay in Bhas 42 cells for the prediction of potential carcinogenic effects. Bhas 42 cells are already initiated, and the v-Ha-ras transfection, together with genetic modification following the immortalization process, makes them a valuable model to study the late steps of cellular transformation leading to the acquisition of the malignant phenotype. Exposure to organic extracts of PM1 and PM2.5 induced dose-related effects. The transforming and cytotoxic properties were related to the amount of PM collected during the sampling campaign and associated with the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the samples. All the samples induced cell transformation following prolonged exposure over 2 weeks. Our results support the utility of the in vitro top-down approach to characterize the toxicity of real mixtures, thereby supporting regulators in the decision-making process. The results also identify the need for appropriate assay selection within the in vitro testing strategy to address the complexity of adverse outcomes.",

author = "Stefania Serra and Monica Vaccari and Mascolo, {Maria Grazia} and Francesca Rotondo and Cristina Zanzi and Laura Polacchini and Wagner, {Christine Behle} and Thorsten Kunkelmann and Sabine Perschbacher and Albrecht Poth and Sandro Grilli and Jacobs, {Miriam N.} and Annamaria Colacci",

note = "Funding Information: This work has been entirely supported by Regione Emilia Romagna - Supersite Project (Act 428/08.02.2010). We would like to thank the Environmental Mutagenesis Thematic Laboratory - Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy Emilia Romagna (Arpae) for the preparation of the PM extracts and the Polo Analitico Regionale Microinquinanti Organici - Arpae for performing the chemical characterization of the PM extracts. We also thank Wolfgang Voelkner for providing the facilities and the equipment for the Bhas 42 experimental work as well as scientific guidance and helpful discussions. Funding Information: This work has been entirely supported by Regione Emilia Ro-magna – Supersite Project (Act 428/08.02.2010). We would like to thank the Environmental Mutagenesis Thematic Laboratory – Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy Emilia Romagna (Arpae) for the preparation of the PM extracts and the Polo Analitico Regionale Microinquinanti Organici – Arpae for performing the chemical characterization of the PM extracts. We also thank Wolfgang Voelkner for providing the facilities and the equipment for the Bhas 42 experimental work as well as scientific guidance and helpful discussions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Authors, 2019.",

year = "2019",

month = oct,

doi = "10.14573/altex.1812173",

language = "English",

volume = "36",

pages = "623--633",

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T1 - Hazard assessment of air pollutants

T2 - The transforming ability of complex pollutant mixtures in the bhas 42 cell model

AU - Serra, Stefania

AU - Vaccari, Monica

AU - Mascolo, Maria Grazia

AU - Rotondo, Francesca

AU - Zanzi, Cristina

AU - Polacchini, Laura

AU - Wagner, Christine Behle

AU - Kunkelmann, Thorsten

AU - Perschbacher, Sabine

AU - Poth, Albrecht

AU - Grilli, Sandro

AU - Jacobs, Miriam N.

AU - Colacci, Annamaria

N1 - Funding Information: This work has been entirely supported by Regione Emilia Romagna - Supersite Project (Act 428/08.02.2010). We would like to thank the Environmental Mutagenesis Thematic Laboratory - Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy Emilia Romagna (Arpae) for the preparation of the PM extracts and the Polo Analitico Regionale Microinquinanti Organici - Arpae for performing the chemical characterization of the PM extracts. We also thank Wolfgang Voelkner for providing the facilities and the equipment for the Bhas 42 experimental work as well as scientific guidance and helpful discussions. Funding Information: This work has been entirely supported by Regione Emilia Ro-magna – Supersite Project (Act 428/08.02.2010). We would like to thank the Environmental Mutagenesis Thematic Laboratory – Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy Emilia Romagna (Arpae) for the preparation of the PM extracts and the Polo Analitico Regionale Microinquinanti Organici – Arpae for performing the chemical characterization of the PM extracts. We also thank Wolfgang Voelkner for providing the facilities and the equipment for the Bhas 42 experimental work as well as scientific guidance and helpful discussions. Publisher Copyright: © The Authors, 2019.

PY - 2019/10

Y1 - 2019/10

N2 - The use of in vitro alternative methods is a promising approach to characterize the hazardous properties of environmental chemical mixtures, including urban airborne particulate matter (PM). The aim of this study was to examine seasonal differences in the toxic and transforming potential of PM samples by using the in vitro cell transformation assay in Bhas 42 cells for the prediction of potential carcinogenic effects. Bhas 42 cells are already initiated, and the v-Ha-ras transfection, together with genetic modification following the immortalization process, makes them a valuable model to study the late steps of cellular transformation leading to the acquisition of the malignant phenotype. Exposure to organic extracts of PM1 and PM2.5 induced dose-related effects. The transforming and cytotoxic properties were related to the amount of PM collected during the sampling campaign and associated with the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the samples. All the samples induced cell transformation following prolonged exposure over 2 weeks. Our results support the utility of the in vitro top-down approach to characterize the toxicity of real mixtures, thereby supporting regulators in the decision-making process. The results also identify the need for appropriate assay selection within the in vitro testing strategy to address the complexity of adverse outcomes.

AB - The use of in vitro alternative methods is a promising approach to characterize the hazardous properties of environmental chemical mixtures, including urban airborne particulate matter (PM). The aim of this study was to examine seasonal differences in the toxic and transforming potential of PM samples by using the in vitro cell transformation assay in Bhas 42 cells for the prediction of potential carcinogenic effects. Bhas 42 cells are already initiated, and the v-Ha-ras transfection, together with genetic modification following the immortalization process, makes them a valuable model to study the late steps of cellular transformation leading to the acquisition of the malignant phenotype. Exposure to organic extracts of PM1 and PM2.5 induced dose-related effects. The transforming and cytotoxic properties were related to the amount of PM collected during the sampling campaign and associated with the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the samples. All the samples induced cell transformation following prolonged exposure over 2 weeks. Our results support the utility of the in vitro top-down approach to characterize the toxicity of real mixtures, thereby supporting regulators in the decision-making process. The results also identify the need for appropriate assay selection within the in vitro testing strategy to address the complexity of adverse outcomes.

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DO - 10.14573/altex.1812173

M3 - Article

C2 - 31210278

AN - SCOPUS:85074304373

SN - 1868-596X

VL - 36

SP - 623

EP - 633

JO - Altex

JF - Altex

IS - 4

ER -

Hazard assessment of air pollutants: The transforming ability of complex pollutant mixtures in the bhas 42 cell model

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