Filovirus neutralising antibodies: Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application

Alexander Hargreaves; Caolann Brady; Jack Mellors; Tom Tipton; Miles W. Carroll; Stephanie Longet

doi:10.3390/pathogens10091201

Filovirus neutralising antibodies: Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application

Alexander Hargreaves, Caolann Brady, Jack Mellors, Tom Tipton, Miles W. Carroll, Stephanie Longet^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Filoviruses, especially Ebola virus, cause sporadic outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fever with very high case fatality rates in Africa. The 2013–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa provided large survivor cohorts spurring a large number of human studies which showed that specific neutralising antibodies played a key role in protection following a natural Ebola virus infection, as part of the overall humoral response and in conjunction with the cellular adaptive response. This review will discuss the studies in survivors and animal models which described protective neutralising antibody response. Their mechanisms of action will be detailed. Furthermore, the importance of neutralising antibodies in antibody-based therapeutics and in vaccine-induced responses will be explained, as well as the strategies to avoid immune escape from neutralising antibodies. Understanding the neutralising antibody response in the context of filoviruses is crucial to furthering our understanding of virus structure and function, in addition to improving current vaccines & antibody-based therapeutics.

Original language	English
Article number	1201
Journal	Pathogens
Volume	10
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091201
Publication status	Published - 16 Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information: The APC was funded by the US Food and Drug Administration (grant number: 75F40120C 00085).

Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Citation: Hargreaves, A.; Brady, C.; Mellors, J.; Tipton, T.; Carroll, M.W.; Longet, S. Filovirus Neutralising Antibodies: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1201.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091201

Keywords

Ebolavirus
Filoviruses
Longitudinal antibody response
Monoclonal antibodies
Neutralising antibodies
Post-infection
Post-vaccination

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

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title = "Filovirus neutralising antibodies: Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application",

abstract = "Filoviruses, especially Ebola virus, cause sporadic outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fever with very high case fatality rates in Africa. The 2013–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa provided large survivor cohorts spurring a large number of human studies which showed that specific neutralising antibodies played a key role in protection following a natural Ebola virus infection, as part of the overall humoral response and in conjunction with the cellular adaptive response. This review will discuss the studies in survivors and animal models which described protective neutralising antibody response. Their mechanisms of action will be detailed. Furthermore, the importance of neutralising antibodies in antibody-based therapeutics and in vaccine-induced responses will be explained, as well as the strategies to avoid immune escape from neutralising antibodies. Understanding the neutralising antibody response in the context of filoviruses is crucial to furthering our understanding of virus structure and function, in addition to improving current vaccines & antibody-based therapeutics.",

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note = "Funding Information: The APC was funded by the US Food and Drug Administration (grant number: 75F40120C 00085). Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Citation: Hargreaves, A.; Brady, C.; Mellors, J.; Tipton, T.; Carroll, M.W.; Longet, S. Filovirus Neutralising Antibodies: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091201",

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N1 - Funding Information: The APC was funded by the US Food and Drug Administration (grant number: 75F40120C 00085). Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Citation: Hargreaves, A.; Brady, C.; Mellors, J.; Tipton, T.; Carroll, M.W.; Longet, S. Filovirus Neutralising Antibodies: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091201

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N2 - Filoviruses, especially Ebola virus, cause sporadic outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fever with very high case fatality rates in Africa. The 2013–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa provided large survivor cohorts spurring a large number of human studies which showed that specific neutralising antibodies played a key role in protection following a natural Ebola virus infection, as part of the overall humoral response and in conjunction with the cellular adaptive response. This review will discuss the studies in survivors and animal models which described protective neutralising antibody response. Their mechanisms of action will be detailed. Furthermore, the importance of neutralising antibodies in antibody-based therapeutics and in vaccine-induced responses will be explained, as well as the strategies to avoid immune escape from neutralising antibodies. Understanding the neutralising antibody response in the context of filoviruses is crucial to furthering our understanding of virus structure and function, in addition to improving current vaccines & antibody-based therapeutics.

AB - Filoviruses, especially Ebola virus, cause sporadic outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fever with very high case fatality rates in Africa. The 2013–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa provided large survivor cohorts spurring a large number of human studies which showed that specific neutralising antibodies played a key role in protection following a natural Ebola virus infection, as part of the overall humoral response and in conjunction with the cellular adaptive response. This review will discuss the studies in survivors and animal models which described protective neutralising antibody response. Their mechanisms of action will be detailed. Furthermore, the importance of neutralising antibodies in antibody-based therapeutics and in vaccine-induced responses will be explained, as well as the strategies to avoid immune escape from neutralising antibodies. Understanding the neutralising antibody response in the context of filoviruses is crucial to furthering our understanding of virus structure and function, in addition to improving current vaccines & antibody-based therapeutics.

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Filovirus neutralising antibodies: Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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