TY - JOUR
T1 - Failed postnatal immunoprophylaxis for hepatitis B
T2 - Characteristics of maternal hepatitis B virus as risk factors
AU - Ngui, Siew Lin
AU - Andrews, Nicholas
AU - Underhill, G. S.
AU - Heptonstall, J.
AU - Teo, C. G.
PY - 1998
Y1 - 1998
N2 - A retrospective case-control study was conducted to determine why some infants born full-term without obstetric intervention to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-seropositive mothers become infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) despite having received passive-active immunoprophylaxis. Cases and controls comprised 12 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-seropositive infants and 22 HBsAg-seronegative infants, respectively. Infants infected by putative vaccine-escape mutants were excluded. Risk factors, after adjustment for the level of maternal viremia, were the following allelic base changes in maternal HBV:C158, A328, G365, and A479 (P = .017, .005, .003, and .005, respectively). High-level maternal viremia (i.e.≤108 genome equivalents/mL) was a significant factor only after adjustment for G365 (P = .027). HBV DNA sequences recovered from one of the cases, the case's mother, and three infected contacts all had the high-risk mutations. Specific allelic mutations in maternal HBV and level of maternal viremia are potential predictors of vertical breakthrough infection.
AB - A retrospective case-control study was conducted to determine why some infants born full-term without obstetric intervention to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-seropositive mothers become infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) despite having received passive-active immunoprophylaxis. Cases and controls comprised 12 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-seropositive infants and 22 HBsAg-seronegative infants, respectively. Infants infected by putative vaccine-escape mutants were excluded. Risk factors, after adjustment for the level of maternal viremia, were the following allelic base changes in maternal HBV:C158, A328, G365, and A479 (P = .017, .005, .003, and .005, respectively). High-level maternal viremia (i.e.≤108 genome equivalents/mL) was a significant factor only after adjustment for G365 (P = .027). HBV DNA sequences recovered from one of the cases, the case's mother, and three infected contacts all had the high-risk mutations. Specific allelic mutations in maternal HBV and level of maternal viremia are potential predictors of vertical breakthrough infection.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031875805&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1086/514610
DO - 10.1086/514610
M3 - Article
C2 - 9675462
AN - SCOPUS:0031875805
VL - 27
SP - 100
EP - 106
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases
SN - 1058-4838
IS - 1
ER -
