Enhanced nasopharyngeal infection and shedding associated with an epidemic lineage of emm3 group A Streptococcus

Baharak Afshar; Claire E. Turner; Theresa Lamagni; Ken C. Smith; Ali Al-Shahib; Anthony Underwood; Matthew T.G. Holden; Androulla Efstratiou; Shiranee Sriskandan

doi:10.1080/21505594.2017.1325070

Enhanced nasopharyngeal infection and shedding associated with an epidemic lineage of emm3 group A Streptococcus

Baharak Afshar, Claire E. Turner, Theresa Lamagni, Ken C. Smith, Ali Al-Shahib, Anthony Underwood, Matthew T.G. Holden, Androulla Efstratiou, Shiranee Sriskandan^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: A group A Streptococcus (GAS) lineage of genotype emm3, sequence type 15 (ST15) was associated with a 6 month upsurge in invasive GAS disease in the UK. The epidemic lineage (Lineage C) had lost 2 typical emm3 prophages, Φ315.1 and Φ315.2 associated with the superantigen ssa, but gained a different prophage (ΦUK-M3.1) associated with a different superantigen, speC and a DNAse spd1. Methods and Results: The presence of speC and spd1 in Lineage C ST15 strains enhanced both in vitro mitogenic and DNase activities over non-Lineage C ST15 strains. Invasive disease models in Galleria mellonella and SPEC-sensitive transgenic mice, revealed no difference in overall invasiveness of Lineage C ST15 strains compared with non-Lineage C ST15 strains, consistent with clinical and epidemiological analysis. Lineage C strains did however markedly prolong murine nasal infection with enhanced nasal and airborne shedding compared with non-Lineage C strains. Deletion of speC or spd1 in 2 Lineage C strains identified a possible role for spd1 in airborne shedding from the murine nasopharynx. Conclusions: Nasopharyngeal infection and shedding of Lineage C strains was enhanced compared with non-Lineage C strains and this was, in part, mediated by the gain of the DNase spd1 through prophage acquisition.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1390-1400
Number of pages	11
Journal	Virulence
Volume	8
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2017.1325070
Publication status	Published - 3 Oct 2017

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis © 2017, © Baharak Afshar, Claire E. Turner, Theresa L. Lamgni, Ken C. Smith, Ali Al-Shahib, Anthony Underwood, Matthew T. G. Holden, Androulla Efstratiou, and Shiranee Sriskandan.

Keywords

DNases
Streptococcus pyogenes
epidemic upsurge
genotype emm3
group A Streptococcus
invasive group A streptococcal disease
nasopharyngeal infection
prophage
serotype M3
superantigens

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1080/21505594.2017.1325070

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@article{e02b46fff0a942f8b2287402dd35506a,

title = "Enhanced nasopharyngeal infection and shedding associated with an epidemic lineage of emm3 group A Streptococcus",

abstract = "Background: A group A Streptococcus (GAS) lineage of genotype emm3, sequence type 15 (ST15) was associated with a 6 month upsurge in invasive GAS disease in the UK. The epidemic lineage (Lineage C) had lost 2 typical emm3 prophages, Φ315.1 and Φ315.2 associated with the superantigen ssa, but gained a different prophage (ΦUK-M3.1) associated with a different superantigen, speC and a DNAse spd1. Methods and Results: The presence of speC and spd1 in Lineage C ST15 strains enhanced both in vitro mitogenic and DNase activities over non-Lineage C ST15 strains. Invasive disease models in Galleria mellonella and SPEC-sensitive transgenic mice, revealed no difference in overall invasiveness of Lineage C ST15 strains compared with non-Lineage C ST15 strains, consistent with clinical and epidemiological analysis. Lineage C strains did however markedly prolong murine nasal infection with enhanced nasal and airborne shedding compared with non-Lineage C strains. Deletion of speC or spd1 in 2 Lineage C strains identified a possible role for spd1 in airborne shedding from the murine nasopharynx. Conclusions: Nasopharyngeal infection and shedding of Lineage C strains was enhanced compared with non-Lineage C strains and this was, in part, mediated by the gain of the DNase spd1 through prophage acquisition.",

keywords = "DNases, Streptococcus pyogenes, epidemic upsurge, genotype emm3, group A Streptococcus, invasive group A streptococcal disease, nasopharyngeal infection, prophage, serotype M3, superantigens",

author = "Baharak Afshar and Turner, {Claire E.} and Theresa Lamagni and Smith, {Ken C.} and Ali Al-Shahib and Anthony Underwood and Holden, {Matthew T.G.} and Androulla Efstratiou and Shiranee Sriskandan",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis {\textcopyright} 2017, {\textcopyright} Baharak Afshar, Claire E. Turner, Theresa L. Lamgni, Ken C. Smith, Ali Al-Shahib, Anthony Underwood, Matthew T. G. Holden, Androulla Efstratiou, and Shiranee Sriskandan.",

year = "2017",

month = oct,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1080/21505594.2017.1325070",

language = "English",

volume = "8",

pages = "1390--1400",

journal = "Virulence",

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T1 - Enhanced nasopharyngeal infection and shedding associated with an epidemic lineage of emm3 group A Streptococcus

AU - Afshar, Baharak

AU - Turner, Claire E.

AU - Lamagni, Theresa

AU - Smith, Ken C.

AU - Al-Shahib, Ali

AU - Underwood, Anthony

AU - Holden, Matthew T.G.

AU - Efstratiou, Androulla

AU - Sriskandan, Shiranee

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis © 2017, © Baharak Afshar, Claire E. Turner, Theresa L. Lamgni, Ken C. Smith, Ali Al-Shahib, Anthony Underwood, Matthew T. G. Holden, Androulla Efstratiou, and Shiranee Sriskandan.

PY - 2017/10/3

Y1 - 2017/10/3

N2 - Background: A group A Streptococcus (GAS) lineage of genotype emm3, sequence type 15 (ST15) was associated with a 6 month upsurge in invasive GAS disease in the UK. The epidemic lineage (Lineage C) had lost 2 typical emm3 prophages, Φ315.1 and Φ315.2 associated with the superantigen ssa, but gained a different prophage (ΦUK-M3.1) associated with a different superantigen, speC and a DNAse spd1. Methods and Results: The presence of speC and spd1 in Lineage C ST15 strains enhanced both in vitro mitogenic and DNase activities over non-Lineage C ST15 strains. Invasive disease models in Galleria mellonella and SPEC-sensitive transgenic mice, revealed no difference in overall invasiveness of Lineage C ST15 strains compared with non-Lineage C ST15 strains, consistent with clinical and epidemiological analysis. Lineage C strains did however markedly prolong murine nasal infection with enhanced nasal and airborne shedding compared with non-Lineage C strains. Deletion of speC or spd1 in 2 Lineage C strains identified a possible role for spd1 in airborne shedding from the murine nasopharynx. Conclusions: Nasopharyngeal infection and shedding of Lineage C strains was enhanced compared with non-Lineage C strains and this was, in part, mediated by the gain of the DNase spd1 through prophage acquisition.

AB - Background: A group A Streptococcus (GAS) lineage of genotype emm3, sequence type 15 (ST15) was associated with a 6 month upsurge in invasive GAS disease in the UK. The epidemic lineage (Lineage C) had lost 2 typical emm3 prophages, Φ315.1 and Φ315.2 associated with the superantigen ssa, but gained a different prophage (ΦUK-M3.1) associated with a different superantigen, speC and a DNAse spd1. Methods and Results: The presence of speC and spd1 in Lineage C ST15 strains enhanced both in vitro mitogenic and DNase activities over non-Lineage C ST15 strains. Invasive disease models in Galleria mellonella and SPEC-sensitive transgenic mice, revealed no difference in overall invasiveness of Lineage C ST15 strains compared with non-Lineage C ST15 strains, consistent with clinical and epidemiological analysis. Lineage C strains did however markedly prolong murine nasal infection with enhanced nasal and airborne shedding compared with non-Lineage C strains. Deletion of speC or spd1 in 2 Lineage C strains identified a possible role for spd1 in airborne shedding from the murine nasopharynx. Conclusions: Nasopharyngeal infection and shedding of Lineage C strains was enhanced compared with non-Lineage C strains and this was, in part, mediated by the gain of the DNase spd1 through prophage acquisition.

KW - DNases

KW - Streptococcus pyogenes

KW - epidemic upsurge

KW - genotype emm3

KW - group A Streptococcus

KW - invasive group A streptococcal disease

KW - nasopharyngeal infection

KW - prophage

KW - serotype M3

KW - superantigens

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U2 - 10.1080/21505594.2017.1325070

DO - 10.1080/21505594.2017.1325070

M3 - Article

C2 - 28459299

AN - SCOPUS:85019638311

VL - 8

SP - 1390

EP - 1400

JO - Virulence

JF - Virulence

SN - 2150-5594

IS - 7

ER -

Enhanced nasopharyngeal infection and shedding associated with an epidemic lineage of emm3 group A Streptococcus

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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