DNA damage foci: Meaning and significance

Kai Rothkamm; Stephen Barnard; Jayne Moquet; Michele Ellender; Zohaib Rana; Susanne Burdak-Rothkamm

doi:10.1002/em.21944

DNA damage foci: Meaning and significance

Kai Rothkamm^*, Stephen Barnard, Jayne Moquet, Michele Ellender, Zohaib Rana, Susanne Burdak-Rothkamm

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

191 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The discovery of DNA damage response proteins such as γH2AX, ATM, 53BP1, RAD51, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex, that accumulate and/or are modified in the vicinity of a chromosomal DNA double-strand break to form microscopically visible, subnuclear foci, has revolutionized the detection of these lesions and has enabled studies of the cellular machinery that contributes to their repair. Double-strand breaks are induced directly by a number of physical and chemical agents, including ionizing radiation and radiomimetic drugs, but can also arise as secondary lesions during replication and DNA repair following exposure to a wide range of genotoxins. Here we aim to review the biological meaning and significance of DNA damage foci, looking specifically at a range of different settings in which such markers of DNA damage and repair are being studied and interpreted. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:491-504, 2015.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	491-504
Number of pages	14
Journal	Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
Volume	56
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/em.21944
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2015

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords

53BP1
DNA double-strand break
Genotoxicity
Ionizing radiation
γH2AX

Access to Document

10.1002/em.21944

Cite this

@article{b97b8fa9ef0d4d8ba64a292bbea3e8e5,

title = "DNA damage foci: Meaning and significance",

abstract = "The discovery of DNA damage response proteins such as γH2AX, ATM, 53BP1, RAD51, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex, that accumulate and/or are modified in the vicinity of a chromosomal DNA double-strand break to form microscopically visible, subnuclear foci, has revolutionized the detection of these lesions and has enabled studies of the cellular machinery that contributes to their repair. Double-strand breaks are induced directly by a number of physical and chemical agents, including ionizing radiation and radiomimetic drugs, but can also arise as secondary lesions during replication and DNA repair following exposure to a wide range of genotoxins. Here we aim to review the biological meaning and significance of DNA damage foci, looking specifically at a range of different settings in which such markers of DNA damage and repair are being studied and interpreted. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:491-504, 2015.",

keywords = "53BP1, DNA double-strand break, Genotoxicity, Ionizing radiation, γH2AX",

author = "Kai Rothkamm and Stephen Barnard and Jayne Moquet and Michele Ellender and Zohaib Rana and Susanne Burdak-Rothkamm",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.",

year = "2015",

month = jul,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1002/em.21944",

language = "English",

volume = "56",

pages = "491--504",

journal = "Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis",

issn = "0893-6692",

publisher = "wiley",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - DNA damage foci

T2 - Meaning and significance

AU - Rothkamm, Kai

AU - Barnard, Stephen

AU - Moquet, Jayne

AU - Ellender, Michele

AU - Rana, Zohaib

AU - Burdak-Rothkamm, Susanne

PY - 2015/7/1

Y1 - 2015/7/1

N2 - The discovery of DNA damage response proteins such as γH2AX, ATM, 53BP1, RAD51, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex, that accumulate and/or are modified in the vicinity of a chromosomal DNA double-strand break to form microscopically visible, subnuclear foci, has revolutionized the detection of these lesions and has enabled studies of the cellular machinery that contributes to their repair. Double-strand breaks are induced directly by a number of physical and chemical agents, including ionizing radiation and radiomimetic drugs, but can also arise as secondary lesions during replication and DNA repair following exposure to a wide range of genotoxins. Here we aim to review the biological meaning and significance of DNA damage foci, looking specifically at a range of different settings in which such markers of DNA damage and repair are being studied and interpreted. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:491-504, 2015.

AB - The discovery of DNA damage response proteins such as γH2AX, ATM, 53BP1, RAD51, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex, that accumulate and/or are modified in the vicinity of a chromosomal DNA double-strand break to form microscopically visible, subnuclear foci, has revolutionized the detection of these lesions and has enabled studies of the cellular machinery that contributes to their repair. Double-strand breaks are induced directly by a number of physical and chemical agents, including ionizing radiation and radiomimetic drugs, but can also arise as secondary lesions during replication and DNA repair following exposure to a wide range of genotoxins. Here we aim to review the biological meaning and significance of DNA damage foci, looking specifically at a range of different settings in which such markers of DNA damage and repair are being studied and interpreted. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:491-504, 2015.

KW - 53BP1

KW - DNA double-strand break

KW - Genotoxicity

KW - Ionizing radiation

KW - γH2AX

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937022727&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/em.21944

DO - 10.1002/em.21944

M3 - Review article

C2 - 25773265

AN - SCOPUS:84937022727

VL - 56

SP - 491

EP - 504

JO - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis

JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis

SN - 0893-6692

IS - 6

ER -

DNA damage foci: Meaning and significance

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this