TY - JOUR
T1 - Defective ATG16L1-mediated removal of IRE1α drives Crohn's disease-like ileitis
AU - Tschurtschenthaler, Markus
AU - Adolph, Timon E.
AU - Ashcroft, Jonathan W.
AU - Niederreiter, Lukas
AU - Bharti, Richa
AU - Saveljeva, Svetlana
AU - Bhattacharyya, Joya
AU - Flak, Magdalena B.
AU - Shih, David Q.
AU - Fuhler, Gwenny M.
AU - Parkes, Miles
AU - Kohno, Kenji
AU - Iwawaki, Takao
AU - van der Woude, C. Janneke
AU - Harding, Heather P.
AU - Smith, Andrew M.
AU - Peppelenbosch, Maikel P.
AU - Targan, Stephan R.
AU - Ron, David
AU - Rosenstiel, Philip
AU - Blumberg, Richard S.
AU - Kaser, Arthur
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Tschurtschenthaler et al.
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - ATG16L1T300A, a major risk polymorphism in Crohn's disease (CD), causes impaired autophagy, but it has remained unclear how this predisposes to CD. In this study, we report that mice with Atg16l1 deletion in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) spontaneously develop transmural ileitis phenocopying ileal CD in an age-dependent manner, driven by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor IRE1α. IRE1α accumulates in Paneth cells of Atg16l1ΔIEC mice, and humans homozygous for ATG16L1T300A exhibit a corresponding increase of IRE1α in intestinal epithelial crypts. In contrast to a protective role of the IRE1β isoform, hyperactivated IRE1α also drives a similar ileitis developing earlier in life in Atg16l1;Xbp1ΔIEC mice, in which ER stress is induced by deletion of the unfolded protein response transcription factor XBP1. The selective autophagy receptor optineurin interacts with IRE1α, and optineurin deficiency amplifies IRE1α levels during ER stress. Furthermore, although dysbiosis of the ileal microbiota is present in Atg16l1;Xbp1ΔIEC mice as predicted from impaired Paneth cell antimicrobial function, such structural alteration of the microbiota does not trigger ileitis but, rather, aggravates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Hence, we conclude that defective autophagy in IECs may predispose to CD ileitis via impaired clearance of IRE1α aggregates during ER stress at this site.
AB - ATG16L1T300A, a major risk polymorphism in Crohn's disease (CD), causes impaired autophagy, but it has remained unclear how this predisposes to CD. In this study, we report that mice with Atg16l1 deletion in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) spontaneously develop transmural ileitis phenocopying ileal CD in an age-dependent manner, driven by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor IRE1α. IRE1α accumulates in Paneth cells of Atg16l1ΔIEC mice, and humans homozygous for ATG16L1T300A exhibit a corresponding increase of IRE1α in intestinal epithelial crypts. In contrast to a protective role of the IRE1β isoform, hyperactivated IRE1α also drives a similar ileitis developing earlier in life in Atg16l1;Xbp1ΔIEC mice, in which ER stress is induced by deletion of the unfolded protein response transcription factor XBP1. The selective autophagy receptor optineurin interacts with IRE1α, and optineurin deficiency amplifies IRE1α levels during ER stress. Furthermore, although dysbiosis of the ileal microbiota is present in Atg16l1;Xbp1ΔIEC mice as predicted from impaired Paneth cell antimicrobial function, such structural alteration of the microbiota does not trigger ileitis but, rather, aggravates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Hence, we conclude that defective autophagy in IECs may predispose to CD ileitis via impaired clearance of IRE1α aggregates during ER stress at this site.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85012261819&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1084/jem.20160791
DO - 10.1084/jem.20160791
M3 - Article
C2 - 28082357
AN - SCOPUS:85012261819
SN - 0022-1007
VL - 214
SP - 401
EP - 422
JO - Journal of Experimental Medicine
JF - Journal of Experimental Medicine
IS - 2
ER -