Cross-Sectional Study of University Students’ Attitudes to ‘On Campus’ Delivery of COVID-19, MenACWY and MMR Vaccines and Future-Proofing Vaccine Roll-Out Strategies

Adam Webb; Mayuri Gogoi; Sarah Weidman; Katherine Woolf; Maria Zavala; Shamez N. Ladhani; Manish Pareek; Lieve Gies; Christopher D. Bayliss

doi:10.3390/vaccines10081287

Cross-Sectional Study of University Students’ Attitudes to ‘On Campus’ Delivery of COVID-19, MenACWY and MMR Vaccines and Future-Proofing Vaccine Roll-Out Strategies

Adam Webb, Mayuri Gogoi, Sarah Weidman, Katherine Woolf, Maria Zavala, Shamez N. Ladhani, Manish Pareek, Lieve Gies, Christopher D. Bayliss^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

University students are a critical group for vaccination programmes against COVID-19, meningococcal disease (MenACWY) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR). We aimed to evaluate risk factors for vaccine hesitancy and views about on-campus vaccine delivery among university students. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional anonymous online questionnaire study of undergraduate students in June 2021 and analysed by univariate and multivariate tests to detect associations. Complete data were obtained from 827 participants (7.6% response-rate). Self-reporting of COVID-19 vaccine status indicated uptake by two-thirds (64%; 527/827), willing for 23% (194/827), refusal by 5% (40/827) and uncertain results for 8% (66/827). Hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccines was 5% (40/761). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was associated with Black ethnicity (aOR, 7.01, 95% CI, 1.8–27.3) and concerns about vaccine side-effects (aOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.23–2.39). Uncertainty about vaccine status was frequently observed for MMR (11%) and MenACWY (26%) vaccines. Campus-associated COVID-19 vaccine campaigns were favoured by UK-based students (definitely, 45%; somewhat, 16%) and UK-based international students (definitely, 62%; somewhat, 12%). Limitations of this study were use of use of a cross-sectional approach, self-selection of the response cohort, slight biases in the demographics and a strict definition of vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy and uncertainty about vaccine status are concerns for effective vaccine programmes. Extending capabilities of digital platforms for accessing vaccine information and sector-wide implementation of on-campus vaccine delivery are strategies for improving vaccine uptake among students. Future studies of vaccine hesitancy among students should aim to extend our observations to student populations in a wider range of university settings and with broader definitions of vaccine hesitancy.

Original language	English
Article number	1287
Journal	Vaccines
Volume	10
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081287
Publication status	Published - 10 Aug 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information: This research was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council, grant number ES/W00299X/1, by an MRC-UK Research and Innovation and NIHR, entitled UK-REACH, (MR/V027549/1) award and an NIHR Development and Skills Enhancement Award (to M.P.).
M.Z. and S.N.L. are employed by Public Health England. All other authors declare that they have no known financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to publish the results.

Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Citation: Webb, A.; Gogoi, M.; Weidman, S.;Woolf, K.; Zavala, M.; Ladhani, S.N.; Pareek, M.; Gies, L.; Bayliss, C.D. Cross-Sectional Study of University Students’ Attitudes to ‘On Campus’ Delivery of COVID-19, MenACWY and MMR Vaccines and
Future-Proofing Vaccine Roll-Out Strategies. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1287.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081287

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081287

Keywords

COVD-19
MMR
meningitis
university students
vaccine hesitancy
vaccine uptake

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Webb2022Cross-SectionalStudyOfUniversityStudents’AttitudesTo‘OnCampus’DeliveryVaccinesFinal published version, 448 KBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Cross-Sectional Study of University Students{\textquoteright} Attitudes to {\textquoteleft}On Campus{\textquoteright} Delivery of COVID-19, MenACWY and MMR Vaccines and Future-Proofing Vaccine Roll-Out Strategies",

abstract = "University students are a critical group for vaccination programmes against COVID-19, meningococcal disease (MenACWY) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR). We aimed to evaluate risk factors for vaccine hesitancy and views about on-campus vaccine delivery among university students. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional anonymous online questionnaire study of undergraduate students in June 2021 and analysed by univariate and multivariate tests to detect associations. Complete data were obtained from 827 participants (7.6% response-rate). Self-reporting of COVID-19 vaccine status indicated uptake by two-thirds (64%; 527/827), willing for 23% (194/827), refusal by 5% (40/827) and uncertain results for 8% (66/827). Hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccines was 5% (40/761). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was associated with Black ethnicity (aOR, 7.01, 95% CI, 1.8–27.3) and concerns about vaccine side-effects (aOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.23–2.39). Uncertainty about vaccine status was frequently observed for MMR (11%) and MenACWY (26%) vaccines. Campus-associated COVID-19 vaccine campaigns were favoured by UK-based students (definitely, 45%; somewhat, 16%) and UK-based international students (definitely, 62%; somewhat, 12%). Limitations of this study were use of use of a cross-sectional approach, self-selection of the response cohort, slight biases in the demographics and a strict definition of vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy and uncertainty about vaccine status are concerns for effective vaccine programmes. Extending capabilities of digital platforms for accessing vaccine information and sector-wide implementation of on-campus vaccine delivery are strategies for improving vaccine uptake among students. Future studies of vaccine hesitancy among students should aim to extend our observations to student populations in a wider range of university settings and with broader definitions of vaccine hesitancy.",

keywords = "COVD-19, MMR, meningitis, university students, vaccine hesitancy, vaccine uptake",

author = "Adam Webb and Mayuri Gogoi and Sarah Weidman and Katherine Woolf and Maria Zavala and Ladhani, {Shamez N.} and Manish Pareek and Lieve Gies and Bayliss, {Christopher D.}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council, grant number ES/W00299X/1, by an MRC-UK Research and Innovation and NIHR, entitled UK-REACH, (MR/V027549/1) award and an NIHR Development and Skills Enhancement Award (to M.P.). M.Z. and S.N.L. are employed by Public Health England. All other authors declare that they have no known financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to publish the results. Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Citation: Webb, A.; Gogoi, M.; Weidman, S.;Woolf, K.; Zavala, M.; Ladhani, S.N.; Pareek, M.; Gies, L.; Bayliss, C.D. Cross-Sectional Study of University Students{\textquoteright} Attitudes to {\textquoteleft}On Campus{\textquoteright} Delivery of COVID-19, MenACWY and MMR Vaccines and Future-Proofing Vaccine Roll-Out Strategies. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1287. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081287 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081287",

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N1 - Funding Information: This research was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council, grant number ES/W00299X/1, by an MRC-UK Research and Innovation and NIHR, entitled UK-REACH, (MR/V027549/1) award and an NIHR Development and Skills Enhancement Award (to M.P.). M.Z. and S.N.L. are employed by Public Health England. All other authors declare that they have no known financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to publish the results. Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Citation: Webb, A.; Gogoi, M.; Weidman, S.;Woolf, K.; Zavala, M.; Ladhani, S.N.; Pareek, M.; Gies, L.; Bayliss, C.D. Cross-Sectional Study of University Students’ Attitudes to ‘On Campus’ Delivery of COVID-19, MenACWY and MMR Vaccines and Future-Proofing Vaccine Roll-Out Strategies. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1287. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081287 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081287

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N2 - University students are a critical group for vaccination programmes against COVID-19, meningococcal disease (MenACWY) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR). We aimed to evaluate risk factors for vaccine hesitancy and views about on-campus vaccine delivery among university students. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional anonymous online questionnaire study of undergraduate students in June 2021 and analysed by univariate and multivariate tests to detect associations. Complete data were obtained from 827 participants (7.6% response-rate). Self-reporting of COVID-19 vaccine status indicated uptake by two-thirds (64%; 527/827), willing for 23% (194/827), refusal by 5% (40/827) and uncertain results for 8% (66/827). Hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccines was 5% (40/761). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was associated with Black ethnicity (aOR, 7.01, 95% CI, 1.8–27.3) and concerns about vaccine side-effects (aOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.23–2.39). Uncertainty about vaccine status was frequently observed for MMR (11%) and MenACWY (26%) vaccines. Campus-associated COVID-19 vaccine campaigns were favoured by UK-based students (definitely, 45%; somewhat, 16%) and UK-based international students (definitely, 62%; somewhat, 12%). Limitations of this study were use of use of a cross-sectional approach, self-selection of the response cohort, slight biases in the demographics and a strict definition of vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy and uncertainty about vaccine status are concerns for effective vaccine programmes. Extending capabilities of digital platforms for accessing vaccine information and sector-wide implementation of on-campus vaccine delivery are strategies for improving vaccine uptake among students. Future studies of vaccine hesitancy among students should aim to extend our observations to student populations in a wider range of university settings and with broader definitions of vaccine hesitancy.

AB - University students are a critical group for vaccination programmes against COVID-19, meningococcal disease (MenACWY) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR). We aimed to evaluate risk factors for vaccine hesitancy and views about on-campus vaccine delivery among university students. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional anonymous online questionnaire study of undergraduate students in June 2021 and analysed by univariate and multivariate tests to detect associations. Complete data were obtained from 827 participants (7.6% response-rate). Self-reporting of COVID-19 vaccine status indicated uptake by two-thirds (64%; 527/827), willing for 23% (194/827), refusal by 5% (40/827) and uncertain results for 8% (66/827). Hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccines was 5% (40/761). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was associated with Black ethnicity (aOR, 7.01, 95% CI, 1.8–27.3) and concerns about vaccine side-effects (aOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.23–2.39). Uncertainty about vaccine status was frequently observed for MMR (11%) and MenACWY (26%) vaccines. Campus-associated COVID-19 vaccine campaigns were favoured by UK-based students (definitely, 45%; somewhat, 16%) and UK-based international students (definitely, 62%; somewhat, 12%). Limitations of this study were use of use of a cross-sectional approach, self-selection of the response cohort, slight biases in the demographics and a strict definition of vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy and uncertainty about vaccine status are concerns for effective vaccine programmes. Extending capabilities of digital platforms for accessing vaccine information and sector-wide implementation of on-campus vaccine delivery are strategies for improving vaccine uptake among students. Future studies of vaccine hesitancy among students should aim to extend our observations to student populations in a wider range of university settings and with broader definitions of vaccine hesitancy.

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Cross-Sectional Study of University Students’ Attitudes to ‘On Campus’ Delivery of COVID-19, MenACWY and MMR Vaccines and Future-Proofing Vaccine Roll-Out Strategies

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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