Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Kazakhstan (1948-2013)

Talgat Nurmakhanov; Yerlan Sansyzbaev; Bakhyt Atshabar; Pavel Deryabin; Stanislav Kazakov; Aitmagambet Zholshorinov; Almagul Matzhanova; Alya Sadvakassova; Ratbek Saylaubekuly; Kakimzhan Kyraubaev; John Hay; Barry Atkinson; Roger Hewson

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2015.07.007

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Kazakhstan (1948-2013)

Talgat Nurmakhanov^*, Yerlan Sansyzbaev, Bakhyt Atshabar, Pavel Deryabin, Stanislav Kazakov, Aitmagambet Zholshorinov, Almagul Matzhanova, Alya Sadvakassova, Ratbek Saylaubekuly, Kakimzhan Kyraubaev, John Hay, Barry Atkinson, Roger Hewson

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a pathogenic and often fatal arboviral disease with a distribution spanning large areas of Africa, Europe and Asia. The causative agent is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus classified within the Nairovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. Cases of CCHF have been officially recorded in Kazakhstan since the disease was first officially reported in modern medicine. Serological surveillance of human and animal populations provide evidence that the virus was perpetually circulating in a local enzoonotic cycle involving mammals, ticks and humans in the southern regions of the country. Most cases of human disease were associated with agricultural professions such as farming, shepherding and fruit-picking; the typical route of infection was via tick-bite although several cases of contact transmission associated with caring for sick patients have been documented.In total, 704 confirmed human cases of CCHF have been registered in Kazakhstan from 1948-2013 with an overall case fatality rate of 14.8% for cases with a documented outcome.The southern regions of Kazakhstan should be considered endemic for CCHF with cases reported from these territories on an annual basis. Modern diagnostic technologies allow for rapid clinical diagnosis and for surveillance studies to monitor for potential expansion in known risk areas.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	19-23
Number of pages	5
Journal	International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume	38
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2015.07.007
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2015

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the UK Global Partnership Biological Engagement Programme and US Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Cooperative Biological Engagement Program for this international collaboration. The authors would also like to acknowledge James Lewis (Public Health England, UK) for producing Figure 1 (source data http://www.gadm.org/ ) and Kenneth Yeh (MRIGlobal, Rockville, MD USA) for data analysis and review. In addition, the authors wish to recognise the following institutes/committees in providing invaluable support for this multi-national collaboration: Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan; Committee for Consumer Rights Protection (CCRP); Kazakh Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases; Uralsk Anti-Plague Station; Scientific-Practical Center for Sanitary–Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring; State Revenues Committee of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The views in this report are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the funding bodies.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2015.

Keywords

CCHF
Central Asia
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
Kazakhstan

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.ijid.2015.07.007

Cite this

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title = "Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Kazakhstan (1948-2013)",

abstract = "Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a pathogenic and often fatal arboviral disease with a distribution spanning large areas of Africa, Europe and Asia. The causative agent is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus classified within the Nairovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. Cases of CCHF have been officially recorded in Kazakhstan since the disease was first officially reported in modern medicine. Serological surveillance of human and animal populations provide evidence that the virus was perpetually circulating in a local enzoonotic cycle involving mammals, ticks and humans in the southern regions of the country. Most cases of human disease were associated with agricultural professions such as farming, shepherding and fruit-picking; the typical route of infection was via tick-bite although several cases of contact transmission associated with caring for sick patients have been documented.In total, 704 confirmed human cases of CCHF have been registered in Kazakhstan from 1948-2013 with an overall case fatality rate of 14.8% for cases with a documented outcome.The southern regions of Kazakhstan should be considered endemic for CCHF with cases reported from these territories on an annual basis. Modern diagnostic technologies allow for rapid clinical diagnosis and for surveillance studies to monitor for potential expansion in known risk areas.",

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author = "Talgat Nurmakhanov and Yerlan Sansyzbaev and Bakhyt Atshabar and Pavel Deryabin and Stanislav Kazakov and Aitmagambet Zholshorinov and Almagul Matzhanova and Alya Sadvakassova and Ratbek Saylaubekuly and Kakimzhan Kyraubaev and John Hay and Barry Atkinson and Roger Hewson",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the UK Global Partnership Biological Engagement Programme and US Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Cooperative Biological Engagement Program for this international collaboration. The authors would also like to acknowledge James Lewis (Public Health England, UK) for producing Figure 1 (source data http://www.gadm.org/ ) and Kenneth Yeh (MRIGlobal, Rockville, MD USA) for data analysis and review. In addition, the authors wish to recognise the following institutes/committees in providing invaluable support for this multi-national collaboration: Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan; Committee for Consumer Rights Protection (CCRP); Kazakh Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases; Uralsk Anti-Plague Station; Scientific-Practical Center for Sanitary–Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring; State Revenues Committee of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The views in this report are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the funding bodies. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015.",

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AU - Nurmakhanov, Talgat

AU - Sansyzbaev, Yerlan

AU - Atshabar, Bakhyt

AU - Deryabin, Pavel

AU - Kazakov, Stanislav

AU - Zholshorinov, Aitmagambet

AU - Matzhanova, Almagul

AU - Sadvakassova, Alya

AU - Saylaubekuly, Ratbek

AU - Kyraubaev, Kakimzhan

AU - Hay, John

AU - Atkinson, Barry

AU - Hewson, Roger

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the UK Global Partnership Biological Engagement Programme and US Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Cooperative Biological Engagement Program for this international collaboration. The authors would also like to acknowledge James Lewis (Public Health England, UK) for producing Figure 1 (source data http://www.gadm.org/ ) and Kenneth Yeh (MRIGlobal, Rockville, MD USA) for data analysis and review. In addition, the authors wish to recognise the following institutes/committees in providing invaluable support for this multi-national collaboration: Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan; Committee for Consumer Rights Protection (CCRP); Kazakh Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases; Uralsk Anti-Plague Station; Scientific-Practical Center for Sanitary–Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring; State Revenues Committee of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The views in this report are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the funding bodies. Publisher Copyright: © 2015.

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N2 - Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a pathogenic and often fatal arboviral disease with a distribution spanning large areas of Africa, Europe and Asia. The causative agent is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus classified within the Nairovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. Cases of CCHF have been officially recorded in Kazakhstan since the disease was first officially reported in modern medicine. Serological surveillance of human and animal populations provide evidence that the virus was perpetually circulating in a local enzoonotic cycle involving mammals, ticks and humans in the southern regions of the country. Most cases of human disease were associated with agricultural professions such as farming, shepherding and fruit-picking; the typical route of infection was via tick-bite although several cases of contact transmission associated with caring for sick patients have been documented.In total, 704 confirmed human cases of CCHF have been registered in Kazakhstan from 1948-2013 with an overall case fatality rate of 14.8% for cases with a documented outcome.The southern regions of Kazakhstan should be considered endemic for CCHF with cases reported from these territories on an annual basis. Modern diagnostic technologies allow for rapid clinical diagnosis and for surveillance studies to monitor for potential expansion in known risk areas.

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Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Kazakhstan (1948-2013)

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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