COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England

Alison E. Brown; Sara E. Croxford; Sophie Nash; Jameel Khawam; Peter Kirwan; Meaghan Kall; Daniel Bradshaw; Caroline Sabin; Robert F. Miller; Frank A. Post; Richard Harding; Simon Collins; Laura Waters; David Asboe; David R. Chadwick; Valerie Delpech; Ann K. Sullivan

doi:10.1111/hiv.13167

COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England

Alison E. Brown, Sara E. Croxford^*, Sophie Nash, Jameel Khawam, Peter Kirwan, Meaghan Kall, Daniel Bradshaw, Caroline Sabin, Robert F. Miller, Frank A. Post, Richard Harding, Simon Collins, Laura Waters, David Asboe, David R. Chadwick, Valerie Delpech, Ann K. Sullivan

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objectives: We describe COVID-19 mortality among people with and without HIV during the first wave of the pandemic in England.

Methods: National surveillance data on adults (aged ≥ 15 years) with diagnosed HIV resident in England were linked to national COVID-19 mortality surveillance data (2 March 2020–16 June 2020); HIV clinicians verified linked cases and provided information on the circumstances of death. We present COVID-19 mortality rates by HIV status, using negative binomial regression to assess the association between HIV and mortality, adjusting for gender, age and ethnicity.

Results: Overall, 99 people with HIV, including 61 of black ethnicity, died of/with COVID-19 (107/100 000) compared with 49 483 people without HIV (109/100 000). Compared to people without HIV, higher COVID-19 mortality rates were observed in people with HIV of black (188 vs. 122/100 000) and Asian (131 vs. 77.0/100 000) ethnicity, and in both younger (15–59 years: 58.3 vs. 10.2/100 000) and older (≥ 60 years: 434 vs. 355/100 000) people. After adjustment for demographic factors, people with HIV had a higher COVID-19 mortality risk than those without (2.18; 95% CI: 1.76–2.70). Most people with HIV who died of/with COVID-19 had suppressed HIV viraemia (91%) and at least one comorbidity reported to be associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes (87%).

Conclusions: In the first wave of the pandemic in England, COVID-19 mortality among people with HIV was low, but was higher than in those without HIV, after controlling for demographic factors. This supports the strategy of prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination for people with HIV and strongly encouraging its uptake, especially in those of black and Asian ethnicity.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	90-102
Number of pages	13
Journal	HIV Medicine
Volume	23
Issue number	1
Early online date	15 Sept 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13167
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 15 Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information: SEC, AEB, SN, MK, AKS, PK, JK, VD and SC have no conflicts of interest to declare. DB reports grants from ViiV Healthcare and Gilead Sciences outside the submitted work. LW reports speaker/advisory fees from Gilead Sciences, Viiv Healthcare, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Janssen‐Cilag, Cipla, Mylan and Theratechnologies and funding for clinical trials from Gilead Sciences and Janssen‐Cilag outside the submitted work. FAP reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences, Viiv Healthcare, Janssen‐Cilag and MSD outside the submitted work. RFM reports personal fees from Gilead Sciences for conference attendance and non‐promotional talks outside the submitted work. CS reports funding from Gilead Sciences and Janssen‐Cilag for participation in advisory panels and for the preparation of educational materials outside the submitted work. DRC reports funding from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare for the preparation of educational materials and research grants outside the submitted work. RH reports educational consultancies from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare outside the submitted work. DA reports advisory fees from Gilead Sciences and Viiv Healthcare outside the submitted work.

Open Access: Free to read, but no Open Access licence.

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Crown copyright. HIV Medicine © 2021 British HIV Association. This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland.

Citation: Brown, AE, Croxford, SE, Nash, S, et al. COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England. HIV Med. 2021; 00: 1– 13.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13167

Keywords

adults
COVID-19
England
HIV
mortality
ADULTS
DEATH
CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019
LARGE COHORT

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Brown, A. E., Croxford, S. E., Nash, S., Khawam, J., Kirwan, P., Kall, M., Bradshaw, D., Sabin, C., Miller, R. F., Post, F. A., Harding, R., Collins, S., Waters, L., Asboe, D., Chadwick, D. R., Delpech, V., & Sullivan, A. K. (2021). COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England. HIV Medicine, 23(1), 90-102. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13167

@article{76126b8528ce4420b27d9718d8c244ff,

title = "COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England",

abstract = "Objectives: We describe COVID-19 mortality among people with and without HIV during the first wave of the pandemic in England. Methods: National surveillance data on adults (aged ≥ 15 years) with diagnosed HIV resident in England were linked to national COVID-19 mortality surveillance data (2 March 2020–16 June 2020); HIV clinicians verified linked cases and provided information on the circumstances of death. We present COVID-19 mortality rates by HIV status, using negative binomial regression to assess the association between HIV and mortality, adjusting for gender, age and ethnicity. Results: Overall, 99 people with HIV, including 61 of black ethnicity, died of/with COVID-19 (107/100 000) compared with 49 483 people without HIV (109/100 000). Compared to people without HIV, higher COVID-19 mortality rates were observed in people with HIV of black (188 vs. 122/100 000) and Asian (131 vs. 77.0/100 000) ethnicity, and in both younger (15–59 years: 58.3 vs. 10.2/100 000) and older (≥ 60 years: 434 vs. 355/100 000) people. After adjustment for demographic factors, people with HIV had a higher COVID-19 mortality risk than those without (2.18; 95% CI: 1.76–2.70). Most people with HIV who died of/with COVID-19 had suppressed HIV viraemia (91%) and at least one comorbidity reported to be associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes (87%). Conclusions: In the first wave of the pandemic in England, COVID-19 mortality among people with HIV was low, but was higher than in those without HIV, after controlling for demographic factors. This supports the strategy of prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination for people with HIV and strongly encouraging its uptake, especially in those of black and Asian ethnicity.",

keywords = "adults, COVID-19, England, HIV, mortality, ADULTS, DEATH, CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019, LARGE COHORT",

author = "Brown, {Alison E.} and Croxford, {Sara E.} and Sophie Nash and Jameel Khawam and Peter Kirwan and Meaghan Kall and Daniel Bradshaw and Caroline Sabin and Miller, {Robert F.} and Post, {Frank A.} and Richard Harding and Simon Collins and Laura Waters and David Asboe and Chadwick, {David R.} and Valerie Delpech and Sullivan, {Ann K.}",

note = "Funding Information: SEC, AEB, SN, MK, AKS, PK, JK, VD and SC have no conflicts of interest to declare. DB reports grants from ViiV Healthcare and Gilead Sciences outside the submitted work. LW reports speaker/advisory fees from Gilead Sciences, Viiv Healthcare, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Janssen‐Cilag, Cipla, Mylan and Theratechnologies and funding for clinical trials from Gilead Sciences and Janssen‐Cilag outside the submitted work. FAP reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences, Viiv Healthcare, Janssen‐Cilag and MSD outside the submitted work. RFM reports personal fees from Gilead Sciences for conference attendance and non‐promotional talks outside the submitted work. CS reports funding from Gilead Sciences and Janssen‐Cilag for participation in advisory panels and for the preparation of educational materials outside the submitted work. DRC reports funding from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare for the preparation of educational materials and research grants outside the submitted work. RH reports educational consultancies from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare outside the submitted work. DA reports advisory fees from Gilead Sciences and Viiv Healthcare outside the submitted work. Open Access: Free to read, but no Open Access licence. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Crown copyright. HIV Medicine {\textcopyright} 2021 British HIV Association. This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland. Citation: Brown, AE, Croxford, SE, Nash, S, et al. COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England. HIV Med. 2021; 00: 1– 13. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13167 ",

year = "2021",

month = sep,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1111/hiv.13167",

language = "English",

volume = "23",

pages = "90--102",

journal = "HIV Medicine",

issn = "1464-2662",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",

number = "1",

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Brown, AE , Croxford, SE, Nash, S, Khawam, J, Kirwan, P, Kall, M, Bradshaw, D, Sabin, C, Miller, RF, Post, FA, Harding, R, Collins, S, Waters, L, Asboe, D, Chadwick, DR, Delpech, V & Sullivan, AK 2021, 'COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England', HIV Medicine, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 90-102. https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13167

TY - JOUR

T1 - COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England

AU - Brown, Alison E.

AU - Croxford, Sara E.

AU - Nash, Sophie

AU - Khawam, Jameel

AU - Kirwan, Peter

AU - Kall, Meaghan

AU - Bradshaw, Daniel

AU - Sabin, Caroline

AU - Miller, Robert F.

AU - Post, Frank A.

AU - Harding, Richard

AU - Collins, Simon

AU - Waters, Laura

AU - Asboe, David

AU - Chadwick, David R.

AU - Delpech, Valerie

AU - Sullivan, Ann K.

N1 - Funding Information: SEC, AEB, SN, MK, AKS, PK, JK, VD and SC have no conflicts of interest to declare. DB reports grants from ViiV Healthcare and Gilead Sciences outside the submitted work. LW reports speaker/advisory fees from Gilead Sciences, Viiv Healthcare, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Janssen‐Cilag, Cipla, Mylan and Theratechnologies and funding for clinical trials from Gilead Sciences and Janssen‐Cilag outside the submitted work. FAP reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences, Viiv Healthcare, Janssen‐Cilag and MSD outside the submitted work. RFM reports personal fees from Gilead Sciences for conference attendance and non‐promotional talks outside the submitted work. CS reports funding from Gilead Sciences and Janssen‐Cilag for participation in advisory panels and for the preparation of educational materials outside the submitted work. DRC reports funding from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare for the preparation of educational materials and research grants outside the submitted work. RH reports educational consultancies from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare outside the submitted work. DA reports advisory fees from Gilead Sciences and Viiv Healthcare outside the submitted work. Open Access: Free to read, but no Open Access licence. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Crown copyright. HIV Medicine © 2021 British HIV Association. This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland. Citation: Brown, AE, Croxford, SE, Nash, S, et al. COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England. HIV Med. 2021; 00: 1– 13. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13167

PY - 2021/9/15

Y1 - 2021/9/15

N2 - Objectives: We describe COVID-19 mortality among people with and without HIV during the first wave of the pandemic in England. Methods: National surveillance data on adults (aged ≥ 15 years) with diagnosed HIV resident in England were linked to national COVID-19 mortality surveillance data (2 March 2020–16 June 2020); HIV clinicians verified linked cases and provided information on the circumstances of death. We present COVID-19 mortality rates by HIV status, using negative binomial regression to assess the association between HIV and mortality, adjusting for gender, age and ethnicity. Results: Overall, 99 people with HIV, including 61 of black ethnicity, died of/with COVID-19 (107/100 000) compared with 49 483 people without HIV (109/100 000). Compared to people without HIV, higher COVID-19 mortality rates were observed in people with HIV of black (188 vs. 122/100 000) and Asian (131 vs. 77.0/100 000) ethnicity, and in both younger (15–59 years: 58.3 vs. 10.2/100 000) and older (≥ 60 years: 434 vs. 355/100 000) people. After adjustment for demographic factors, people with HIV had a higher COVID-19 mortality risk than those without (2.18; 95% CI: 1.76–2.70). Most people with HIV who died of/with COVID-19 had suppressed HIV viraemia (91%) and at least one comorbidity reported to be associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes (87%). Conclusions: In the first wave of the pandemic in England, COVID-19 mortality among people with HIV was low, but was higher than in those without HIV, after controlling for demographic factors. This supports the strategy of prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination for people with HIV and strongly encouraging its uptake, especially in those of black and Asian ethnicity.

AB - Objectives: We describe COVID-19 mortality among people with and without HIV during the first wave of the pandemic in England. Methods: National surveillance data on adults (aged ≥ 15 years) with diagnosed HIV resident in England were linked to national COVID-19 mortality surveillance data (2 March 2020–16 June 2020); HIV clinicians verified linked cases and provided information on the circumstances of death. We present COVID-19 mortality rates by HIV status, using negative binomial regression to assess the association between HIV and mortality, adjusting for gender, age and ethnicity. Results: Overall, 99 people with HIV, including 61 of black ethnicity, died of/with COVID-19 (107/100 000) compared with 49 483 people without HIV (109/100 000). Compared to people without HIV, higher COVID-19 mortality rates were observed in people with HIV of black (188 vs. 122/100 000) and Asian (131 vs. 77.0/100 000) ethnicity, and in both younger (15–59 years: 58.3 vs. 10.2/100 000) and older (≥ 60 years: 434 vs. 355/100 000) people. After adjustment for demographic factors, people with HIV had a higher COVID-19 mortality risk than those without (2.18; 95% CI: 1.76–2.70). Most people with HIV who died of/with COVID-19 had suppressed HIV viraemia (91%) and at least one comorbidity reported to be associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes (87%). Conclusions: In the first wave of the pandemic in England, COVID-19 mortality among people with HIV was low, but was higher than in those without HIV, after controlling for demographic factors. This supports the strategy of prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination for people with HIV and strongly encouraging its uptake, especially in those of black and Asian ethnicity.

KW - adults

KW - COVID-19

KW - England

KW - HIV

KW - mortality

KW - ADULTS

KW - DEATH

KW - CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019

KW - LARGE COHORT

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U2 - 10.1111/hiv.13167

DO - 10.1111/hiv.13167

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85114898911

SN - 1464-2662

VL - 23

SP - 90

EP - 102

JO - HIV Medicine

JF - HIV Medicine

IS - 1

ER -

COVID-19 mortality among people with diagnosed HIV compared to those without during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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