Abstract
Objectives: We evaluated the effectiveness of the Lao People's Democratic Republic's measles-rubella immunization program using the seroprevalence from two cross-sectional surveys.
Methods: The nationwide surveys occurred in 2014 and 2019 using a multistage cluster sampling, both requiring samples from 2184 individuals from 52 randomly selected villages. Immunoglobulin G titers, measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were considered positive at ≥120 mIU/ml (measles) and ≥10 IU/ml (rubella). We calculated the vaccination-related reduction in the force of rubella infection and the number of congenital rubella syndrome cases averted in 2019.
Results: We collected 2135 (women: 55.2%, mean age: 23.2 years) and 2001 (52.7%, 23.1 years) samples in 2014 and 2019, respectively. During 2014-2019, immunoglobulin G prevalence increased from 83.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 83.8-84.0) to 98.3% (97.7-98.8) for measles and from 75.4% (75.3-75.5) to 87.8% (86.4-89.2) for rubella. The most plausible reduction in the average force of rubella infection was 100% (95% CI: 28-100) since vaccination started, averting 78 (95% CI: 42-128) congenital rubella syndrome cases in 2019.
Conclusion: This is the first population-based study for measles and rubella at two different time points in developing countries. Measles and rubella seroprevalence increased significantly during 2014-2019, greatly exceeding the immunity thresholds for their elimination.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 70-77 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Volume | 129 |
| Early online date | 18 Feb 2023 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information: This work was supported by the NCGM Intramural Research Fund (25-8, 19A01 and 22A01), Japan and the Grant for the National Immunization Program, Lao PDR (FY2019). However, the funders had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the manuscript.Open Access: This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
Citation: Shinsuke Miyano, Emilia Vynnycky, Chansay Pattamavone, Yasunori Ichimura, Yoshio Mori, Phonethipsavanh Nouanthong, Kongxay Phounphenghack, Chankham Tengbriacheu, Bouaphne Khamphaphongphane, Lauren Franzel, Tae Un Yang, Hendrikus Raaijimarkers, Kenichi Komada, Tomomi Ota, Masafumi Funato, Makoto Takeda, Masahiko Hachiya, Comparison of population-based measles-rubella immunoglobulin G antibody prevalence between 2014 and 2019 in Lao People's Democratic Republic: Impacts of the national immunization program, International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 129, 2023, Pages 70-77, ISSN 1201-9712, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.044.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971223000450)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.044.
UN SDGs
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being
Keywords
- Elimination
- Mathematical modeling
- Measles
- Population-based
- Rubella
- Seroprevalence survey
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