Abstract
Skin sensitising substances that induce contact allergy and consequently risk elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) remain an important focus regarding the replacement of animal experimentation. Current in vivo methods, notably the local lymph node assay (LLNA) refined and reduced animal usage and led to a marked improvement in hazard identification, characterisation and risk assessment. Since validation, regulatory confidence in the LLNA approach has evolved until it became the first choice assay in most regulated sectors. Currently, hazard identification using the LLNA is being actively replaced by a toolbox of non-animal approaches. However, there remains a need to increase confidence in the use of new approach methodologies (NAMs) as replacements for LLNA sensitiser potency estimation. The EPAA Partners Forum exchanged the current state of knowledge on use of NAMs in various industry sectors and regulatory environments. They then debated current challenges in this area and noted several ongoing needs. These included a requirement for reference standards for potency, better characterisation of applicability domains/technical limitations of NAMs, development of a framework for weight of evidence assessments, and an increased confidence in the characterisation of non-sensitisers. Finally, exploration of an industry/regulator cross-sector user-forum on skin sensitisation was recommended.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 104767 |
Journal | Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology |
Volume | 117 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Nov 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:In addition to the authors of this paper, the following also participated in the forum and supported its key conclusions: Philippe Azam, Solvay, Paul Benndorf, Henkel, Ulla N?hr Dalberg, Novozymes, Christian Desaintes, European Commission, DG Research, Stephane Dhalluin, L'Oreal, Dorothea Eigler, Evonik, Kevan Gartland, Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc, Peter Griem, Symrise, Kamila Gromek, GSK, Herve Groux, ImmunoSearch, Gunilla Grundstrom, Senzagen, David John, Animal Health Europe, Susanne Kolle, BASF, Martina Klaric, Cosmetics Europe, Gavin Maxwell, Unilever, Tim Rowan, EPAA consultant, Kathleen Vriens, J&J, Annette Wilschut, DSM, Zvonar Zvonimir, EPAA. EPAA thanks all the participants of the forum for their active contribution to the event.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
Keywords
- Hazard assessment
- In vitro alternatives
- Potency measurement
- Skin sensitisation