Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme

Rosy Reynolds; Jemma Shackcloth; David Felmingham; Alasdair P. MacGowan; J. Booth; D. F.J. Brown; S. Coles; I. Harding; D. M. Livermore; V. Reed; D. Lofland; C. Thomson; A. White; R. Wise; K. Parry; M. Robbins

doi:10.1093/jac/dkg461

Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme

Rosy Reynolds^*, Jemma Shackcloth, David Felmingham, Alasdair P. MacGowan, J. Booth, D. F.J. Brown, S. Coles, I. Harding, D. M. Livermore, V. Reed, D. Lofland, C. Thomson, A. White, R. Wise, K. Parry, M. Robbins

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

22 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired lower respiratory pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland, and investigate its relationship with demographic and geographical factors using multiple logistic regression analysis. Methods: A total of 1328 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1894 Haemophilus influenzae and 845 Moraxella catarrhalis were collected from lower respiratory clinical specimens (primarily sputum) by 20 laboratories in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) and Ireland (Northern Ireland and Eire) between 1999 and 2001. Results: Of 1154 S. pneumoniae from Great Britain, 92-100% were susceptible to β-lactams (only 0.2% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), 89% were susceptible to erythromycin, 93% susceptible to tetracycline, and 94-100% intermediate or susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Susceptibility to agents other than fluoroquinolones was less frequent in the 174 isolates from Ireland: β-lactam susceptibility was 68-99% (3.4% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), erythromycin susceptibility was 78% and tetracycline susceptibility was 82%. In multivariate analysis, susceptibility in S. pneumoniae was associated with country and patient age, being most common overall in the 20-49 years age group. Of 1894 H. influenzae, 15% produced β-lactamase and 79-100% were susceptible to β-lactams other than cefaclor. Ninety-six per cent were intermediate and 1% susceptible to erythromycin, 97% susceptible to tetracycline, and 89% susceptible to trimethoprim. Only one isolate showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. H. influenzae from sputum were more likely to be susceptible than isolates from other sources. Of 845 M. catarrhalls, 92% produced β-lactamase and 9% were susceptible to ampicillin, ≥99% were susceptible to co-amoxiclav, cefotaxime, erythromycin and fluoroquinolones. Conclusions: Clinically relevant demographic factors predictive of susceptibility were country and patient age in S. pneumoniae, and specimen type (sputum/non-sputum) in H. influenzae. Susceptibility to most antimicrobials remains high in Ireland and very high in Great Britain.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	931-943
Number of pages	13
Journal	Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Volume	52
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkg461
Publication status	Published - Dec 2003

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Collecting laboratories: England: City Hospital, Birmingham; Southmead Hospital, Bristol; Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge; St James’s University Hospital, Leeds; Royal Infirmary, Leicester; University of Liverpool; St Bartholomew’s and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; University College Hospital, London; Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Derriford Hospital, Plymouth; Hope Hospital, Salford; Southampton General Hospital, Southampton; Ireland: The Royal Hospitals, Belfast; Meath Adelaide and Children’s Hospital, Dublin; University College Hospital, Galway; Scotland: Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen; Western General Hospital, Edinburgh; Southern General Hospital, Glasgow; Wales: University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff; Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham. Members of the Working Party and contributors: Working Party members, June 2003: A. P. MacGowan (Chair) (Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust), J. Booth (Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Slough), D. F. J. Brown (Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge), S. Coles (Abbott Laboratories Ltd, Maidenhead), D. Felmingham (GR Micro Ltd, London), I. Harding (Micron Research Limited, Wisbech), D. M. Livermore (Health Protection Agency, London), V. Reed (Micron Research Limited, Wisbech), R. A. Reynolds (Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust), J. Shackcloth (GR Micro Ltd, London), D. Lofland (GeneSoft Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA, USA), C. Thomson (Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Slough), A. White (GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow), R. Wise (City Hospital, Birmingham); statistical advice and logistic regression analysis: K. Parry (Research and Development Support Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust); scientific services management: M. Robbins (GR Micro Ltd, London). Supporters and sponsors: the BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme 1999/2001 was supported by the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and sponsored by Abbott Laboratories Ltd, Aventis Pharma Ltd, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, and Glaxo-SmithKline. The Research and Development Support Unit at North Bristol NHS Trust is supported by a grant from the Department of Health and Social Care (South).

Keywords

Antibacterial
British Isles
Resistance epidemiology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Reynolds, R., Shackcloth, J., Felmingham, D., MacGowan, A. P., Booth, J., Brown, D. F. J., Coles, S., Harding, I., Livermore, D. M., Reed, V., Lofland, D., Thomson, C., White, A., Wise, R., Parry, K., & Robbins, M. (2003). Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 52(6), 931-943. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkg461

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title = "Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme",

abstract = "Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired lower respiratory pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland, and investigate its relationship with demographic and geographical factors using multiple logistic regression analysis. Methods: A total of 1328 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1894 Haemophilus influenzae and 845 Moraxella catarrhalis were collected from lower respiratory clinical specimens (primarily sputum) by 20 laboratories in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) and Ireland (Northern Ireland and Eire) between 1999 and 2001. Results: Of 1154 S. pneumoniae from Great Britain, 92-100% were susceptible to β-lactams (only 0.2% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), 89% were susceptible to erythromycin, 93% susceptible to tetracycline, and 94-100% intermediate or susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Susceptibility to agents other than fluoroquinolones was less frequent in the 174 isolates from Ireland: β-lactam susceptibility was 68-99% (3.4% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), erythromycin susceptibility was 78% and tetracycline susceptibility was 82%. In multivariate analysis, susceptibility in S. pneumoniae was associated with country and patient age, being most common overall in the 20-49 years age group. Of 1894 H. influenzae, 15% produced β-lactamase and 79-100% were susceptible to β-lactams other than cefaclor. Ninety-six per cent were intermediate and 1% susceptible to erythromycin, 97% susceptible to tetracycline, and 89% susceptible to trimethoprim. Only one isolate showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. H. influenzae from sputum were more likely to be susceptible than isolates from other sources. Of 845 M. catarrhalls, 92% produced β-lactamase and 9% were susceptible to ampicillin, ≥99% were susceptible to co-amoxiclav, cefotaxime, erythromycin and fluoroquinolones. Conclusions: Clinically relevant demographic factors predictive of susceptibility were country and patient age in S. pneumoniae, and specimen type (sputum/non-sputum) in H. influenzae. Susceptibility to most antimicrobials remains high in Ireland and very high in Great Britain.",

keywords = "Antibacterial, British Isles, Resistance epidemiology",

author = "Rosy Reynolds and Jemma Shackcloth and David Felmingham and MacGowan, {Alasdair P.} and J. Booth and Brown, {D. F.J.} and S. Coles and I. Harding and Livermore, {D. M.} and V. Reed and D. Lofland and C. Thomson and A. White and R. Wise and K. Parry and M. Robbins",

note = "Funding Information: Collecting laboratories: England: City Hospital, Birmingham; Southmead Hospital, Bristol; Addenbrooke{\textquoteright}s Hospital, Cambridge; St James{\textquoteright}s University Hospital, Leeds; Royal Infirmary, Leicester; University of Liverpool; St Bartholomew{\textquoteright}s and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; University College Hospital, London; Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Derriford Hospital, Plymouth; Hope Hospital, Salford; Southampton General Hospital, Southampton; Ireland: The Royal Hospitals, Belfast; Meath Adelaide and Children{\textquoteright}s Hospital, Dublin; University College Hospital, Galway; Scotland: Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen; Western General Hospital, Edinburgh; Southern General Hospital, Glasgow; Wales: University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff; Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham. Members of the Working Party and contributors: Working Party members, June 2003: A. P. MacGowan (Chair) (Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust), J. Booth (Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Slough), D. F. J. Brown (Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge), S. Coles (Abbott Laboratories Ltd, Maidenhead), D. Felmingham (GR Micro Ltd, London), I. Harding (Micron Research Limited, Wisbech), D. M. Livermore (Health Protection Agency, London), V. Reed (Micron Research Limited, Wisbech), R. A. Reynolds (Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust), J. Shackcloth (GR Micro Ltd, London), D. Lofland (GeneSoft Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA, USA), C. Thomson (Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Slough), A. White (GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow), R. Wise (City Hospital, Birmingham); statistical advice and logistic regression analysis: K. Parry (Research and Development Support Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust); scientific services management: M. Robbins (GR Micro Ltd, London). Supporters and sponsors: the BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme 1999/2001 was supported by the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and sponsored by Abbott Laboratories Ltd, Aventis Pharma Ltd, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, and Glaxo-SmithKline. The Research and Development Support Unit at North Bristol NHS Trust is supported by a grant from the Department of Health and Social Care (South).",

year = "2003",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1093/jac/dkg461",

language = "English",

volume = "52",

pages = "931--943",

journal = "Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy",

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}

Reynolds, R, Shackcloth, J, Felmingham, D, MacGowan, AP, Booth, J, Brown, DFJ, Coles, S, Harding, I, Livermore, DM, Reed, V, Lofland, D, Thomson, C, White, A, Wise, R, Parry, K & Robbins, M 2003, 'Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme', Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 931-943. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkg461

Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme. / Reynolds, Rosy; Shackcloth, Jemma; Felmingham, David et al.
In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol. 52, No. 6, 12.2003, p. 931-943.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors

T2 - The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme

AU - Reynolds, Rosy

AU - Shackcloth, Jemma

AU - Felmingham, David

AU - MacGowan, Alasdair P.

AU - Booth, J.

AU - Brown, D. F.J.

AU - Coles, S.

AU - Harding, I.

AU - Livermore, D. M.

AU - Reed, V.

AU - Lofland, D.

AU - Thomson, C.

AU - White, A.

AU - Wise, R.

AU - Parry, K.

AU - Robbins, M.

N1 - Funding Information: Collecting laboratories: England: City Hospital, Birmingham; Southmead Hospital, Bristol; Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge; St James’s University Hospital, Leeds; Royal Infirmary, Leicester; University of Liverpool; St Bartholomew’s and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London; University College Hospital, London; Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Derriford Hospital, Plymouth; Hope Hospital, Salford; Southampton General Hospital, Southampton; Ireland: The Royal Hospitals, Belfast; Meath Adelaide and Children’s Hospital, Dublin; University College Hospital, Galway; Scotland: Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen; Western General Hospital, Edinburgh; Southern General Hospital, Glasgow; Wales: University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff; Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham. Members of the Working Party and contributors: Working Party members, June 2003: A. P. MacGowan (Chair) (Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust), J. Booth (Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Slough), D. F. J. Brown (Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge), S. Coles (Abbott Laboratories Ltd, Maidenhead), D. Felmingham (GR Micro Ltd, London), I. Harding (Micron Research Limited, Wisbech), D. M. Livermore (Health Protection Agency, London), V. Reed (Micron Research Limited, Wisbech), R. A. Reynolds (Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust), J. Shackcloth (GR Micro Ltd, London), D. Lofland (GeneSoft Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA, USA), C. Thomson (Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Slough), A. White (GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow), R. Wise (City Hospital, Birmingham); statistical advice and logistic regression analysis: K. Parry (Research and Development Support Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust); scientific services management: M. Robbins (GR Micro Ltd, London). Supporters and sponsors: the BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme 1999/2001 was supported by the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and sponsored by Abbott Laboratories Ltd, Aventis Pharma Ltd, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, and Glaxo-SmithKline. The Research and Development Support Unit at North Bristol NHS Trust is supported by a grant from the Department of Health and Social Care (South).

PY - 2003/12

Y1 - 2003/12

N2 - Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired lower respiratory pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland, and investigate its relationship with demographic and geographical factors using multiple logistic regression analysis. Methods: A total of 1328 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1894 Haemophilus influenzae and 845 Moraxella catarrhalis were collected from lower respiratory clinical specimens (primarily sputum) by 20 laboratories in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) and Ireland (Northern Ireland and Eire) between 1999 and 2001. Results: Of 1154 S. pneumoniae from Great Britain, 92-100% were susceptible to β-lactams (only 0.2% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), 89% were susceptible to erythromycin, 93% susceptible to tetracycline, and 94-100% intermediate or susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Susceptibility to agents other than fluoroquinolones was less frequent in the 174 isolates from Ireland: β-lactam susceptibility was 68-99% (3.4% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), erythromycin susceptibility was 78% and tetracycline susceptibility was 82%. In multivariate analysis, susceptibility in S. pneumoniae was associated with country and patient age, being most common overall in the 20-49 years age group. Of 1894 H. influenzae, 15% produced β-lactamase and 79-100% were susceptible to β-lactams other than cefaclor. Ninety-six per cent were intermediate and 1% susceptible to erythromycin, 97% susceptible to tetracycline, and 89% susceptible to trimethoprim. Only one isolate showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. H. influenzae from sputum were more likely to be susceptible than isolates from other sources. Of 845 M. catarrhalls, 92% produced β-lactamase and 9% were susceptible to ampicillin, ≥99% were susceptible to co-amoxiclav, cefotaxime, erythromycin and fluoroquinolones. Conclusions: Clinically relevant demographic factors predictive of susceptibility were country and patient age in S. pneumoniae, and specimen type (sputum/non-sputum) in H. influenzae. Susceptibility to most antimicrobials remains high in Ireland and very high in Great Britain.

AB - Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired lower respiratory pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland, and investigate its relationship with demographic and geographical factors using multiple logistic regression analysis. Methods: A total of 1328 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1894 Haemophilus influenzae and 845 Moraxella catarrhalis were collected from lower respiratory clinical specimens (primarily sputum) by 20 laboratories in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) and Ireland (Northern Ireland and Eire) between 1999 and 2001. Results: Of 1154 S. pneumoniae from Great Britain, 92-100% were susceptible to β-lactams (only 0.2% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), 89% were susceptible to erythromycin, 93% susceptible to tetracycline, and 94-100% intermediate or susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Susceptibility to agents other than fluoroquinolones was less frequent in the 174 isolates from Ireland: β-lactam susceptibility was 68-99% (3.4% having penicillin MICs ≥ 2 mg/L), erythromycin susceptibility was 78% and tetracycline susceptibility was 82%. In multivariate analysis, susceptibility in S. pneumoniae was associated with country and patient age, being most common overall in the 20-49 years age group. Of 1894 H. influenzae, 15% produced β-lactamase and 79-100% were susceptible to β-lactams other than cefaclor. Ninety-six per cent were intermediate and 1% susceptible to erythromycin, 97% susceptible to tetracycline, and 89% susceptible to trimethoprim. Only one isolate showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. H. influenzae from sputum were more likely to be susceptible than isolates from other sources. Of 845 M. catarrhalls, 92% produced β-lactamase and 9% were susceptible to ampicillin, ≥99% were susceptible to co-amoxiclav, cefotaxime, erythromycin and fluoroquinolones. Conclusions: Clinically relevant demographic factors predictive of susceptibility were country and patient age in S. pneumoniae, and specimen type (sputum/non-sputum) in H. influenzae. Susceptibility to most antimicrobials remains high in Ireland and very high in Great Britain.

KW - Antibacterial

KW - British Isles

KW - Resistance epidemiology

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U2 - 10.1093/jac/dkg461

DO - 10.1093/jac/dkg461

M3 - Article

C2 - 14585865

AN - SCOPUS:10744227778

SN - 0305-7453

VL - 52

SP - 931

EP - 943

JO - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

JF - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

IS - 6

ER -

Reynolds R, Shackcloth J, Felmingham D, MacGowan AP, Booth J, Brown DFJ et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2003 Dec;52(6):931-943. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkg461

Antimicrobial susceptibility of lower respiratory tract pathogens in Great Britain and Ireland 1999-2001 related to demographic and geographical factors: The BSAC Respiratory Resistance Surveillance Programme

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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