Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil

Artur Capão; Maria L. Aguiar-Oliveira; Braulia C. Caetano; Thayssa K. Neves; Paola C. Resende; Walquiria A.F. Almeida; Milene D. Miranda; Olindo A.ssis Martins-Filho; David Brown; Marilda M. Siqueira; Cristiana C. Garcia

doi:10.3390/v14081692

Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil

Artur Capão
, Maria L. Aguiar-Oliveira
, Braulia C. Caetano
, Thayssa K. Neves
, Paola C. Resende
, Walquiria A.F. Almeida
, Milene D. Miranda
, Olindo A.ssis Martins-Filho
, David Brown
, Marilda M. Siqueira
, Cristiana C. Garcia^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)

47 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Annual vaccination against influenza is the best tool to prevent deaths and hospitalizations. Regular updates of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV) are necessary due to high mutation rates in influenza viruses. TIV effectiveness is affected by antigenic mismatches, age, previous immunity, and other host factors. Studying TIV effectiveness annually in different populations is critical. The serological responses to Southern-Hemisphere TIV and circulating influenza strains were evaluated in 2018–2020 among Brazilian volunteers, using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Post-vaccination titers were corrected to account for pre-vaccination titers. Our population achieved >83% post-vaccination seroprotection levels, whereas seroconversion rates ranged from 10% to 46%. TIV significantly enhanced antibody titers and seroprotection against all prior and contemporary vaccine and circulating strains tested. Strong cross-reactive responses were detected, especially between H1N1 subtypes. A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016, included in the 2018 TIV, induced the poorest response. Significant titer and seroprotection reductions were observed 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Age had a slight effect on TIV response, whereas previous vaccination was associated with lower seroconversion rates and titers. Despite this, TIV induced high seroprotection for all strains, in all groups. Regular TIV evaluations, based on regional influenza strain circulation, should be conducted and the factors affecting response studied.

Original language	English
Article number	1692
Journal	Viruses
Volume	14
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692
Publication status	Published - 30 Jul 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information: We were funded by Fiocruz (POM/IOC 006.8315.089.1201; Inova COVID-19 VPPCB-005-FIO-20-2-69), CNPq (313403/2018-0 and 402457/2020–0), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: E-26/203.156/2017 and 26/210.196/2020, and CNPq/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações/Ministério da Saúde (MS/FNDCT/SCTIE/Decit) (403276/2020-9).

Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
© 2022 by the authors.

Citation: Capão, A.; Aguiar-Oliveira, M.L.; Caetano, B.C.; Neves, T.K.; Resende, P.C.; Almeida,W.A.F.; Miranda, M.D.; Martins-Filho, O.A.; Brown, D.; Siqueira, M.M.; et al. Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil. Viruses 2022, 14, 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692

Keywords

Brazil
immunogenicity
influenza
seroconversion
seroprotection
vaccine

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Capão2022AnalysisOfViralAndHostFactorsOnImmunogenicityOf20182019And2020VirusesFinal published version, 2.01 MBLicence: CC BY

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Capão, A., Aguiar-Oliveira, M. L., Caetano, B. C., Neves, T. K., Resende, P. C., Almeida, W. A. F., Miranda, M. D., Martins-Filho, O. A. S., Brown, D., Siqueira, M. M., & Garcia, C. C. (2022). Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil. Viruses, 14(8), Article 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692

@article{8a1f0397c11d4ec6804dbf2a35f6fc1b,

title = "Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil",

abstract = "Annual vaccination against influenza is the best tool to prevent deaths and hospitalizations. Regular updates of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV) are necessary due to high mutation rates in influenza viruses. TIV effectiveness is affected by antigenic mismatches, age, previous immunity, and other host factors. Studying TIV effectiveness annually in different populations is critical. The serological responses to Southern-Hemisphere TIV and circulating influenza strains were evaluated in 2018–2020 among Brazilian volunteers, using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Post-vaccination titers were corrected to account for pre-vaccination titers. Our population achieved >83\% post-vaccination seroprotection levels, whereas seroconversion rates ranged from 10\% to 46\%. TIV significantly enhanced antibody titers and seroprotection against all prior and contemporary vaccine and circulating strains tested. Strong cross-reactive responses were detected, especially between H1N1 subtypes. A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016, included in the 2018 TIV, induced the poorest response. Significant titer and seroprotection reductions were observed 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Age had a slight effect on TIV response, whereas previous vaccination was associated with lower seroconversion rates and titers. Despite this, TIV induced high seroprotection for all strains, in all groups. Regular TIV evaluations, based on regional influenza strain circulation, should be conducted and the factors affecting response studied.",

keywords = "Brazil, immunogenicity, influenza, seroconversion, seroprotection, vaccine",

author = "Artur Cap{\~a}o and Aguiar-Oliveira, \{Maria L.\} and Caetano, \{Braulia C.\} and Neves, \{Thayssa K.\} and Resende, \{Paola C.\} and Almeida, \{Walquiria A.F.\} and Miranda, \{Milene D.\} and Martins-Filho, \{Olindo A.ssis\} and David Brown and Siqueira, \{Marilda M.\} and Garcia, \{Cristiana C.\}",

note = "Funding Information: We were funded by Fiocruz (POM/IOC 006.8315.089.1201; Inova COVID-19 VPPCB-005-FIO-20-2-69), CNPq (313403/2018-0 and 402457/2020–0), Funda{\c c}{\~a}o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: E-26/203.156/2017 and 26/210.196/2020, and CNPq/Minist{\'e}rio da Ci{\^e}ncia, Tecnologia, Inova{\c c}{\~o}es e Comunica{\c c}{\~o}es/Minist{\'e}rio da Sa{\'u}de (MS/FNDCT/SCTIE/Decit) (403276/2020-9). Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Citation: Cap{\~a}o, A.; Aguiar-Oliveira, M.L.; Caetano, B.C.; Neves, T.K.; Resende, P.C.; Almeida,W.A.F.; Miranda, M.D.; Martins-Filho, O.A.; Brown, D.; Siqueira, M.M.; et al. Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil. Viruses 2022, 14, 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

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doi = "10.3390/v14081692",

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Capão, A, Aguiar-Oliveira, ML, Caetano, BC, Neves, TK, Resende, PC, Almeida, WAF, Miranda, MD, Martins-Filho, OAS, Brown, D, Siqueira, MM & Garcia, CC 2022, 'Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil', Viruses, vol. 14, no. 8, 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692

TY - JOUR

T1 - Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil

AU - Capão, Artur

AU - Aguiar-Oliveira, Maria L.

AU - Caetano, Braulia C.

AU - Neves, Thayssa K.

AU - Resende, Paola C.

AU - Almeida, Walquiria A.F.

AU - Miranda, Milene D.

AU - Martins-Filho, Olindo A.ssis

AU - Brown, David

AU - Siqueira, Marilda M.

AU - Garcia, Cristiana C.

N1 - Funding Information: We were funded by Fiocruz (POM/IOC 006.8315.089.1201; Inova COVID-19 VPPCB-005-FIO-20-2-69), CNPq (313403/2018-0 and 402457/2020–0), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: E-26/203.156/2017 and 26/210.196/2020, and CNPq/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações/Ministério da Saúde (MS/FNDCT/SCTIE/Decit) (403276/2020-9). Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. © 2022 by the authors. Citation: Capão, A.; Aguiar-Oliveira, M.L.; Caetano, B.C.; Neves, T.K.; Resende, P.C.; Almeida,W.A.F.; Miranda, M.D.; Martins-Filho, O.A.; Brown, D.; Siqueira, M.M.; et al. Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil. Viruses 2022, 14, 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v14081692

PY - 2022/7/30

Y1 - 2022/7/30

N2 - Annual vaccination against influenza is the best tool to prevent deaths and hospitalizations. Regular updates of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV) are necessary due to high mutation rates in influenza viruses. TIV effectiveness is affected by antigenic mismatches, age, previous immunity, and other host factors. Studying TIV effectiveness annually in different populations is critical. The serological responses to Southern-Hemisphere TIV and circulating influenza strains were evaluated in 2018–2020 among Brazilian volunteers, using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Post-vaccination titers were corrected to account for pre-vaccination titers. Our population achieved >83% post-vaccination seroprotection levels, whereas seroconversion rates ranged from 10% to 46%. TIV significantly enhanced antibody titers and seroprotection against all prior and contemporary vaccine and circulating strains tested. Strong cross-reactive responses were detected, especially between H1N1 subtypes. A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016, included in the 2018 TIV, induced the poorest response. Significant titer and seroprotection reductions were observed 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Age had a slight effect on TIV response, whereas previous vaccination was associated with lower seroconversion rates and titers. Despite this, TIV induced high seroprotection for all strains, in all groups. Regular TIV evaluations, based on regional influenza strain circulation, should be conducted and the factors affecting response studied.

AB - Annual vaccination against influenza is the best tool to prevent deaths and hospitalizations. Regular updates of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV) are necessary due to high mutation rates in influenza viruses. TIV effectiveness is affected by antigenic mismatches, age, previous immunity, and other host factors. Studying TIV effectiveness annually in different populations is critical. The serological responses to Southern-Hemisphere TIV and circulating influenza strains were evaluated in 2018–2020 among Brazilian volunteers, using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Post-vaccination titers were corrected to account for pre-vaccination titers. Our population achieved >83% post-vaccination seroprotection levels, whereas seroconversion rates ranged from 10% to 46%. TIV significantly enhanced antibody titers and seroprotection against all prior and contemporary vaccine and circulating strains tested. Strong cross-reactive responses were detected, especially between H1N1 subtypes. A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016, included in the 2018 TIV, induced the poorest response. Significant titer and seroprotection reductions were observed 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Age had a slight effect on TIV response, whereas previous vaccination was associated with lower seroconversion rates and titers. Despite this, TIV induced high seroprotection for all strains, in all groups. Regular TIV evaluations, based on regional influenza strain circulation, should be conducted and the factors affecting response studied.

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KW - immunogenicity

KW - influenza

KW - seroconversion

KW - seroprotection

KW - vaccine

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DO - 10.3390/v14081692

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85137408538

SN - 1999-4915

VL - 14

JO - Viruses

JF - Viruses

IS - 8

M1 - 1692

ER -

Analysis of Viral and Host Factors on Immunogenicity of 2018, 2019, and 2020 Southern Hemisphere Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults in Brazil

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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